Volcano Damavand

2008-08-17T10:06:00.000-07:00

Volcano Sabalan 4811 m
Volcano Sabalan is the second highest volcano in Iran , the first is Mount/Volcano Damavand 5671m . Sabalan is located in Azarbaija Iran , Ardabil province .

Volcano Sabalan Photo Gallery by Ardeshir Soltani

Volcano Sabalan GPS Landmarks
To go to Mt Sabalan ususal trail , fallow the Ardebil to Meshkin Shahr road ,after abou 70 Km there is junction to Lahroud ,turn left , keep going to Ghotour Soei or Shabil vilage and start you climb there.

Ardabil Vahdat Sq.
38-16-17 n
48-16-59 e
1344 m

Ardabil to this junction 70Km
Junction to Ghotour Soei and Shabil
38-32-10 n
47-50-42 e
1134 m

Lahroud
38-30-20 n
47-49-54 e
1314 m

Shabil
38-19-44 n
47-50-39 e
2683 m

Tehran to this point 750 Km ( 13 Hours by car )
Ardabil to this point 100 Km
Ghotour Soei
38-20-22 n
47-51-33 e
2495 m

Mount Sabalan Shelter
38-17-18 n
47-51-30 e
3548 m

Waypoint
38-17-02 n
47-51-38 e
3690 m

Waypoint
38-16-49 n
47-51-37 e
3801 m

Waypoint
38-16-41 n
47-51-37 e
3905 m

Waypoint
38-16-37 n
47-51-36 e
3955 m

Waypoint
38-16-33 n
47-51-27 e
4114 m

Waypoint
38-16-29 n
47-51-21 e
4184 m

Waypoint
38-16-27 n
47-51-16 e
4185 m

Late Majidi memorial Sign
38-16-26 n
47-51-15 e
4272 m

Waypoint
38-16-23 n
47-51-13 e
4310 m

Waypoint
38-16-14 n
47-51-01 e
4445 m

Waypoint
38-16-10 n
47-50-54 e
4516 m

Between glaciers
38-16-06 n
47-50-48 e
4552 m

Slush - water from snow
38-16-04 n
47-50-42 e
4607 m

Waypoint
38-16-02 n
47-50-34 e
4701 m

Big rock
38-16-02 n
47-50-32 e
4737 m

You can see summit
38-16-03 n
47-50-30 e
4745 m

toward summit
38-16-04 n
47-50-25 e
4754 m

Summit Lake entrance
38-16-06 n
47-50-19 e
4767 m

Peak 1
38-16-09 n
47-50-12 e
4818 m

Peak 2
38-16-05
47-50-14
4817 m

Peak 3
38-16-05 n
47-50-13 e
4824 m

Volcano Sabalan
Mount Savalan ; Sabalân ; also called Sāvālān

Elevation 4,811 m (15,784 ft)
Location Ardabil, Iran
Prominence 3,283 m (10,771 ft)
Coordinates 38.25° N 47.92° E
Type Stratovolcano
Age of rock 5.6–1.4 million years
Last eruption unknown, possibly Holocene
Easiest route hiking / scrambling

Sabalan (in Persian سبلان Sabalân ;also called Sāvālān in Azerbaijani) is an inactive stratovolcano in Ardabil province of northwestern Iran. Sabalan is the third highest mountain in Iran and a permanent crater lake has formed at the summit. Sabalan has a ski resort (Alvares) and different tourist areas such as the Sarein spa. The mountain is known for its beautiful vistas, including the Shirvan gorge, where few climbers ever venture.

Sabalan is a large andesite stratovolcano, the second highest volcano in Iran after Mount Damavand. The volcano is quite old, as its rocks have been dated to 5.6–1.4 million years. Some references state that volcanic activity continued into the Holocene, less than 10,000 years ago.
The summit region has several peaks exceeding 4,500 metres (14,800 ft), primarily along a southwest-northeast trending ridge. The highest point 4,811 metres (15,784 ft) is at the northeast end of the ridge, and is separated from the 4,620 metres (15,160 ft)+ group of southwestern summits by a 4,190 m (13,750 ft) col.
The mountain is located in a continental climate with hot, dry summers and extremely cold, snowy winters. Precipitation falls primarily as snow in late autumn, winter, and spring, and is sufficient to sustain seven glaciers near the summit above 4,000 metres (13,000 ft). The largest of these were more than 1.5 kilometres (1 mi) in length as of the 1970s. There are also extensive rock glaciers, several of which are more than 3 km (2 mi) in length.

Climbing
The climbing surface includes rocks of various sizes (Class 2 scrambling), and a moderate degree of fitness is required to climb it. The climb from the base camp starts easy, becomes challenging mid way, then eases in gradient near the top. The lake on the top remains frozen except for about four weeks in late July to early August.

Some climbers start by driving to hot springs of Meshkin Shehr, where they start their climb. This climb takes about two days, reaching to the base camp on the first day. Others take a taxi to base camp early in the morning, and climb the mountain in one day. In 2006, there was talk of improving the road to the base camp. If this is done, a regular car should be able to make it to the base camp during the climbing season. The road goes through multiple nomadic encampments of shepherds.

One or two days of acclimatization in Tehran or Ardabil may be advisable. Mountaineering has been popular among the youth in Iran. On a Friday during the climbing season (late June to mid August), one may find hundreds of people on the mountain. Guides can also be found in Ardabil. Adequate climbing equipment can be purchased in Ardabil or Tehran.

Surrounding area
The area around Sabalan, particularly near Meshkin and Dasht-eh Moghan produces large quantities of grain, including wheat. Thanks to the climate produced by the mountain, Ardabil remains pleasantly cool in the summers.
Wikipedia

کوه سبلان
قله سبلان سبلان ( به ترکی آذری : ساوالان، به تالشی: سفلون ) نام کوهی است مرتفع در شمال غرب کشور ایران و در استان اردبیل. سبلان سومین قله بلند ایران و یک کوه آتشفشانی غیر فعال است. ارتفاع قله این کوه ۴۸۱۱ متر است و در بالای قله آن دریاچه کوچکی قرار دارد. سبلان به خاطر آبگرم های طبیعی دامنه کوه، طبیعت تابستانی زیبا و پیست اسکی معروف الوارس مورد توجه گردشگران می باشد.در سلسله رشته کوههای سنگ معروف عقاب است که به شکل عقاب است وخیلی حیرت آور

کوهنوردی
صعود به قله سبلان از جبهه اصلی (شمالی) ساده بوده و کوهنوردان معمولی به راحتی صعود تابستانه را در چند ساعت (صبح تا ظهر) انجام می دهند. جبهه جنوبی سخت ترین راه صعود به این قله می باشد که از سنگهای بزرگ تشکیل شده است. پیست اسکی الوارس که یکی از مجهزترین پیستهای اسکی ایران است در این مسیر قرار دارد.
ویکیپدیا

آتشفشان سبلان
آتشفشان سبلان از نوع آتشفشان نقطه‌ای و مخروط آن نوع مختلف است که از نظر ساختمان و حجم شبیه آتشفشانهای قاره‌ای است ولی از نظر ترکیب شیمیایی شباهتی با انواع حاشیه قاره‌ای ندارد و این کوه در مشرق تبریز واقع است.
ارتفاع آتشفشان سبلان از سطح دریا 4800 متر و گدازه های آن مساحتی معادل 1200 کیلومتر مربع را اشغال نموده‌اند.

قله‌های آتشفشان سبلان به علت فروریختگی و ریزش دهانه (کالدرا) شکل مخروط به شدت قطعه قطعه شده است. آتشفشان سبلان سه قله دارد که به دلیل فروریختگی به شدت فرسوده است. قله بلندتر سبلان سلطان و دو قله دیگر هرم داغ یا سبلان کوچک و آقام داغ یا کسری نام دارند.در قسمت شمال و در قاعده‌ای که بلندتدین قله سبلان در آن واقع است، دریاچه کوچکی وجود دارد که احتمالا باقی مانده دهانه آتشفشانی است. آتشفشان مرکزی بر روی یک فرا بوم خاوری _ باختری از گدازه‌های ائوسن فوران کرده است.
فعالیت آتشفشان سبلان فعالیت قدیمی سبلان از ائوسن شروع گردید ولی آنچه که کوه سبلان را بوجود آورده در پلیوسن شروع به فعالیت نموده و تا عصر بعد از آخرین یخبندان هم ادامه داشته است .
شواهد خاموشی آتشفشان سبلان در دامنه جنوبی سبلان ، چشمه های گوگردی زیادی وجود دارد که آب آنها در حدود 40 درجه سانتیگراد حرارت دارد و تنها گواه فعالیت آتشفشان خاموش سبلان است. این چشمه‌های گوگردی نشان دهنده آخرین فعالیت‌های یک آتشفشان است و بیانگر خاموش نشدن آتشفشان می‌باشند.
تحولات ماگمایی آتشفشان سبلان به نظر می‌رسد که تحولات ماگمایی این آتشفشان را نباید به صورت یک تفریق ساده در نظر گرفت، بلکه به احتمال در روند عادی افزایش اسیدیته در حین تفریق ، بازگشت به خصوصیت بازیک نیز صورت گرفته است. مواد سازنده این آتشفشان از یک ماگمای عمقی حاصل گردیده ولی تحت تاثیر فرآیندهای کم و بیش پیچیده ای قرار داشته که تبلور بخشی هضم و اختلاط دو ماگما از اهم آنها است.

فازهای شکل گیری آتشفشان سبلان
فاز گدازه ای سبلان قدیم ، که شامل 5 مرحله ماگمازایی است.
فاز فرونشینی کالدرا و فعالیت انفجاری که با انباشت حدود 100 متر نهشته‌های آذر آواری در دامنه شمالی همراه بوده است.
فاز تشکیل گنبدها و جریانهای گدازه سبلان جدید که با تشکیل روانه‌های تراکی آندریت تاداسیت و شکل گیری بلندترین قسمت آتشفشان همراه بوده است.
گونه‌های آتشفشانی سبلان در یک نگاه کلی در کوه سبلان سه سری آتشفشان قابل تشخیص است که عبارتند از :
نخست ، سری پیدایش کوه سبلان که در واقع شامل گدازه‌های میوسن و از جنس لاتیت _ بازالت است.
دوم ، سری پیش از پیدایش کالدرا از جنس لاتیت _ آندزیت که به داسیت متحول شده اند . این سری در پلیو _ کواترنری بوجود آمده است.
سوم ، سری پس از پیدایش کالدرا ، یا سری بالایی که بخش اصلی آن ترکیب داسیتی دارد. این سری هم در پلیو _ کواترنری بوجود آمده است.
رشد

شناي يك كوهنورد زن در درياچه سبلان
اين شنا در حالي صورت گرفت كه يك طرف آب اين درياچه يخ زده و آب قسمت ديگر درياچه با دماي زير صفر درجه بود ولي اين كوهنورد زن با سابقه به مدت 45 دقيقه در آن شنا كرد كه يك ركورد جهاني است زيرا تاكنون هيچ زن ايراني و يا خارجي در اين درياچه عميق كه عمق آن به حدود 50 متر مي رسد، موفق به شنا نشده است.
نايب رئيس هيئت كوهنوردي بانوان آستارا گفت: براي نخستين بار در جهان و ايران، يك كوهنورد زن 50 ساله آستارايي در درياچه يخ زده و زير صفر درياچه قله سبلان استان اردبيل موفق به شنا شد. هاجر چهاربند امروز در گفتگو بافارس در آستارا افزود: روز گذشته 20 نفر از اعضاي هيئت كوهنوردي بانوان آستارا به سرپرستي بنده، موفق به صعود قله 4 هزار و 811 متري سبلان شدند.
وي ادامه داد: در جريان اين صعود موفقيت‌آميز يكي از كوهنوردان 50 ساله گروه مذكور به نام شهين باغچه‌سرايي موفق به شنا در درياچه قله سبلان شد.
چهاربند اظهار داشت: اين شنا در حالي صورت گرفت كه يك طرف آب اين درياچه يخ زده و آب قسمت ديگر درياچه با دماي زير صفر درجه بود ولي اين كوهنورد زن با سابقه به مدت 45 دقيقه در آن شنا كرد كه يك ركورد جهاني است زيرا تاكنون هيچ زن ايراني و يا خارجي در اين درياچه عميق كه عمق آن به حدود 50 متر مي رسد، موفق به شنا نشده است.

عصر ایران

تاریخ

1387/05/16

سبلان؛ سرزمین عقابها
از شهر دود گرفته و گرم تهران حركت مي‌كنيم. شهرهاي بسياري را بر سر راه پشت سر مي‌گذاريم: قزوين، رشت، فومن، آستارا. از آستارا به بعد تقريباً شرجي هوا گرفته ميشود و تا چشم كار مي‌كند سبز است و سبز.
مي‌رويم و ميرويم تا جادهها ما را به مسيري ميكشانند پيچاپيچ كه در دو طرفمان نوار پهن سبزرنگي از درختان سر به فلك‌كشيده قرار دارد.پيچاپيچي كه نام گردنه حيران را بر خود هموار كرده و حيرانت ميكنند و تو حيران مي‌شوي لحظه به لحظه، دقيقه به دقيقه و چه در ذهنت ميپيچد الا اينكه: فتبارك الله احسن الخالقين كه خالق اين همه يكسره خود زيباست كه بدين زيبايي در سراسر دشت زيبايي كشيده است. ريشه كلمه اردبيل يا آرتاويل از دو كلمه زرتشتي«آرتا» به معني مقدس و «ويل» به معني شهر تركيب يافته كه احتمالاً محل تكوين و رشد زرتشت در اين شهر بوده است.

اردبيل اينجاست

اردبيل يكي از كهنترين شهرهاي ايران است. اين شهر در طول تاريخ سياسي خود قرنهاي متمادي مركز آذربايجان و زماني پايتخت كشور ايران بوده است. اين شهر از شمال به شهرستان گرمي و دشت زيبا و پربركت مغان، از مشرق به استان گيلان و رشته كوههاي طوالش، از جنوب به خلخال و قسمتي از شهرستان ميانه و از مغرب به شهرستانهاي سراب و مشكين‌شهر مشرف است.آب و هواي آن معتدل كوهستاني است كه همين خصوصيات آب و هوايي به همراه چشمههاي آبگرم متعدد از جمله سرعين، سردابه، برجلو و ... در دامنه كوه آتشفشان سبلان سالانه هزاران نفر از مردم گرمازده را در فصل تابستان به سوي خود جلب ميكند.فلات اردبيل از دو رودخانه به نامهاي "قره سو" و "بالخلو" كه به ترتيب از كوههاي طوالش و خلخال و سبلان سرچشمه ميگيرند، آبياري ميشود و اغلب زمينهاي آن براي كشت انواع غلات، حبوبات و سيب زميني مساعد است.از درياچه و مجتمع تفريحي شورابيل خارج ميشويم و گروه جهت تجديد قوا و استخوان سبك كردن به سمت شهر سرعين، شهر آبهاي معدني به راه ميافتد.

سرعين، سرچشمه سلامت

سرعين در 28 كيلومتري غرب شهر اردبيل قرار دارد. سرعين در لغت به معناي سرچشمه است. اين شهر داراي آبهاي معدني بسياري است كه از عوامل مهم جذب گردشگر به شمار ميرود. در ايران طبق تعريف مؤسسه استاندارد و تحقيقات صنعتي وزارت صنايع، آب معدني به آبهايي گفته ميشود كه داراي املاح معدني، عناصر جزيي يا ديگر تركيبات باشد و مستقيماً از چشمه يا نقاط حفر شده از طبقات زير زميني بدست آمده و داراي خواص بهداشتي و درماني باشد و سرانجام مورد تأييد و بررسي متخصصان ذي صلاح قرار گرفته باشد.خواص درماني آبهاي معدني به عوامل گوناگوني مانند: خواص فيزيكي، شيميايي، درجه حرارت، گازهاي مختلف، راديواكتيويته و غيره بستگي دارد. به علاوه گردش و تفريح و استراحت در مناطق زيبا و زندگي در يك محيط سالم به دور از هر گونه آلودگي درمان را كمك و تسريع مي‌كند. استفاده از آبهاي معدني غالباً به دو صورت استعمال خارجي (دوش، وان، حمام) و استعمال داخلي و آشاميدن، استنشاق و تزريق صورت ميگيرد. اما خواص درماني آبها بر حسب نوع آب متفاوت است.بطور كلي استحمام در آبهاي معدني سرعين اثرات آرام‌بخشي در دردهاي عصبي، روماتيسمي و مفصلي دارد و آشاميدن آن براي دستگاه گوارشي، تغذيه و تنفس مؤثر است. پس از شنا و استحمام در آبهاي معدني شهر سرعين به اقامتگاهمان در شهر اردبيل باز مي‌گرديم تا شب را به استراحت پرداخته و صبح به سمت سبلان حركت كنيم.

گشتي در خانقاه شيخ‌صفي‌الدين

"شيخ صفي الدين اردبيلي" عارف مشهور سده هفتم هجري فرزند سيد امين الدين جبراييل به سال 650 هجري در روستاي "كلخوران" از توابع اردبيل از مادري به نام "دولتي" كه دختر جمال باروقي از نجباي اردبيل بود ديده به جهان گشود. در 25 سالگي مريد شيخ زاهد گيلاني شد. 25 سال در خدمت او به تحصيل كمال پرداخت و پس از وفات شيخ در سال 700 در مسند ارشاد وي نشست و به تربيت اهل عرفان مشغول شد. وي در سال 735 وفات كرد و در محل خانقاه خويش در اردبيل مدفون شد. بناي عظيم بقعه شيخ صفي الدين قسمتهاي مختلفي دارد از جمله: صحن اصلي كه حياطي است مستطيل شكل به ابعاد 40/30 در 10/16 مفروش با تخته سنگهاي صاف كه حوضي با دوازده ترك در وسط آن قرار دارد. چله خانه يا قربانگاه، مدخل صحن داراي طاق زيباي كاشيكاري شده به نام شاه عباس، اتاقي نسبتاً بزرگ به نام دارالمتولي، مسجد جنت‌سرا كه بيشتر براي انجام مراسم صوفيانه بوده، قنديل خانه كه در حقيقت قسمت اصلي بناست و دقيقاً روبروي سرسراي ورودي در دو طبقه قرار گرفته. گنبد "الله‌الله" كه در ضلع جنوب غربي قنديل خانه قرار گرفته و بر روي قبر عارف رباني شيخ صفي الدين به صورت برجي بنا شده و سپس بر فراز آن گنبدي تعبيه شده است.در كنار قبر شيخ صفي الدين، مقبره شاه اسماعيل بناي مربعي شكل كوچكي است كه روي آن گنبد نسبتا بزرگي بنا شده است. روي قبر شاه اسماعيل صندوق مرصع فوق‌العاده نفيس و گران قيمتي نصب شده كه از شاهكارهاي هنري ارزنده دوره صفوي است. خوشبختانه اين اثر هنري نفيس به تاراج روس نرفت. وقتي لشكر روس از بردن صندوق به دليل قرار گرفتن در زاويه‌اي كه داراي در كوچك بود مأيوس شدند و ديدند كه با خراب كردن در، كل بنا تخريب مي‌شود و صندوق از بين ميرود، رسماً به دولت وقت (رضا خان پهلوي) گفتند: كه حكومت روس حاضر است در ازاي تحويل گرفتن صندوق شاه اسماعيل، تمام شهرهاي آذربايجان را راه آهن بكشد كه خوشبختانه دولت نپذيرفت.حرمخانه از ديگر بناهاي اين مجموعه تاريخي است، چيني‌خانه در قسمت شرقي قنديل خانه يا رواق اصلي قرار گرفته كه با دو ورودي باريك با دار الحفاظ ارتباط مييابد. همانگونه كه از اسم آن مشخص است در دوره صفوي محل نگهداري ظروف و وسايل قيمتي زرينه و سيمينه بوده، بعلاوه ظروف سفارشي شاه عباس اول به كشور چين كه به اردبيل حمل ميشده به دستور وي در محل چيني خانه محافظت ميشده است.

نقش‌جهان در سرزمين سردسير اردبيل

يكي از موارد استثنايي اين مجموعه در بين ساير آثار تاريخي كشور اين است كه بقعه شيخ صفي حاوي دهها اثر بديع در مضامين مختلف رشتههاي هنري از آن جمله از عاليترين نوع كاشيكاري معرق و مقرنس و گچبري كتيبههاي زيبا و نفيس به خط خطاطان بزرگ دوره صفوي (ميرعماد، مير قوام الدين و محمد اسماعيل ...) منبتهاي ارزنده، نقره كاري، تذهيب و طلا كاري، نقاشي و تنگ بري و غيره است و از هيئت معماري متيني برخوردار است كه تجمع اين همه فضايل هنري در يك مجموعه از موارد نادر در مجموعههاي تاريخي كشور است. نقش جهان اصفهان نيز كم و بيش داراي يك چنين ويژگيهايي هست، اما با اين حال چرا اين همه تفاوت بين اين بناهاي تاريخي وجود دارد؟ خوب كه نگاه ميكنم نكتهاي را در مييابم و آن اين است كه: اين مجموعه تاريخي در خطهاي سردسير و كوهستاني واقع شده و بر حسب ضرورت، معماران سعي كردهاند حتي‌الامكان تمامي گوشه گوشه اين مجموعه را نزديك هم بسازند تا بتوانند در همه مجموعه گرما و دماي مناسب و معتدل را حفظ كنند، از طرف ديگر مجموعه تاريخي نقش جهان بسيار گسترده است و آرام در كنار زاينده رود دامن گسترده و به يمن وجود چنين آبشخور مقدسي وسعت يافته.

سبلان، عقاب بنشسته ايران

از ديگر جاذبههاي سبلان علاوه بر جاذبههاي طبيعي ميتوان به "عقاب سنگي" (قارتال داشي) نرسيده به قله سلطان در نزديكي جان پناه غرب، سنگ محراب و تنديس زرتشت در كنار درياچه اشاره كرد. اهالي اردبيل همواره از كوه سبلان با احترام و تقدس ياد ميكنند و آن را منبع خير و بركت شهر ميدانند. سبلان كه از آن به نام ساوالان در بين مردم آذربايجان ياد ميشود، به معني گيرنده آب (سو آلان) و يا پژواك گيرنده يا گيرنده صدا است و در منابع فارسي نام آن را از باران بزرگي به نام سبل ميدانند. سبلان كه به لحاظ موقعيت و شكل قرارگيري قلههاي آن در طرفين قله اصلي (سلطان) از سمت سرعين و اردبيل به شكل عقابي نشسته به نظر ميرسد، نقش مهمي در زندگي مردمان آذربايجان داشته و دارد. آنان معتقدند كه سبلان نه تنها به عنوان كوهي صرف، بلكه به منزله اسطورهاي جاويد و مورد احترام و وجودي معنوي است، كه ديدار از آن به مثابه زيارت است. آنان همواره سبلان را به عنوان حامي، مونس پايگاه و دژ تسخير ناپذير ميدانند و در تفكر آذربايجانيان سبلان نقشي خارج از دايره تصور يافته و به بزرگي و احترام آن سوگند ياد كرده و اشعار فراواني در وصف آن سرودهاند.سبلان محل پيكار قهرماناني همچون بابك با تهاجمات عباسيان بوده و بنا به قولي اسب بابك بعد از دستگيري بابك خود را به يكي از آبگيرهاي سبلان انداخته و غرق كرده، به همين سبب چند آبگير به نام "آت گولي" در سبلان وجود دارد.سبلان از نظر دانشمندان و مورخين و صاحب نظران نيز مورد احترام بوده و همواره از آن به نيكي ياد ميكنند و آن را به منزله كوه سيناي ايران ميدانند كه زرتشت در آنجا به عبادت و رياضت مشغول شد و اوستا را دريافت كرد. زكرياي قزويني مي‌نويسد:«زرتشت از شيز به سبلان رفت و در آنجا عزلت گزيد و كتابي آورد به نام اوستا»

.آب، ميزبان گردشگران دشت شابيل

در دشت شابيل دامنه كوه سبلان مستقر ميشويم. دشت شابيل داراي چشمه آبگرمي است كه در نزديكي آبگرم "قوتورسويي" در حد بالاست و در دره زيباي شيروان و دامنهي سرسبز سبلان واقع شده و داراي دماي 48 درجه سانتيگراد و خروجي پنج ليتر در ثانيه است. اين چشمه در درمان بيماريهاي حركتي، پادرد، كمر درد و بيماريهاي عصبي مفيد است. بزرگترين مجتمع آب درماني منطقه شابيل كه داراي دو طبقه شامل قسمتهاي مجزاي زنانه و مردانه و داراي استخرهاي عمومي، سالن سوناي خشك و بخار و رشتههاي انفراد، جكوزي، رستوران و سوئيت است، در بيستم مرداد به بهره برداري رسيد. براي ساخت و تجهيزات اين مجتمع كه در 10 هكتار زير بنا و 22 هزار متر مربع احداث شده، بيش از 20 ميليارد ريال هزينه شده است. محوطه اين مجتمع نيز كه شامل تجهيزات اقامتي، رفاهي، تجاري، پاركينگ و ورزشگاه است، هم اكنون در دست احداث است. چندين جيپ در محل وجود دارند كه كوهنوردان را از مسير خاكي و بسيار سنگلاخ و گاه در جاهايي خطرناك به پناهگاه منتقل ميكنند. ما هم همراه با ساير گروه كوهنوردان سوار بر جيپ به سمت پناهگاه ميرويم تا شب را در آنجا سپري كرده و صبح زود صعود به قله را آغاز كنيم. مقارن غروب آفتاب به پناهگاه ميرسيم. كم كم گروههاي مختلف از راه ميرسند. خورشيد در پس مغرب سر فرو ميبرد و شب پرستاره سبلان بر فراز سر ما دامن ميگسترد.

درياچه‌اي نوك آتشفشان
همانطور كه گفته شد، قله سبلان با 4811 متر ارتفاع از سطح دريا، آتشفشاني خاموش است كه قله آتشفشاني آن حدود پنج كيلومتر مربع مساحت دارد. محفظه آتشفشاني در جنوب شرقي قله و در داخل اين مخروط درياچهاي با محيط بيضي شكل به اقطار 145 و 80 متر وجود دارد و در رديف درياچههاي آتشفشاني محسوب ميشود. آب درياچه 25 متر پايينتر از لبههاي مخروطي آتشفشاني است. آب آن به استثناي اواسط تير ماه تا اوايل شهريور ماه در تمام فصول سال يخ بسته و منجمد است و درجه حرارت آن از درجه حرارت محيط تبعيت ميكند و آب آن تنها از طريق ريزش برف و ذوب آن تأمين ميشود. آب آن آبي مايل به سبز و زلال است كه از نظر شيميايي جزء آبهاي سولفاته كلسيك و سديك بسيار سبك و غني از سيليس است. اين درياچه قلهاي يكي از زيباترين و منحصر به فردترين درياچههاي كوهستاني است كه همه ساله علاقمندان زيادي براي ديدار ازآن به سوي قله سلطان سبلان روانه ميشوند.

شگفتی های زیست محیطی ایران
نگاهی به اثر طبیعی ملی و دیدنی سبلان
تهران - خبرگزاری ایسکانیوز: اثر طبیعی ملی سبلان در کوه سبلان در ارتفاع 3600 متری این کوه به طرف قله قرارداردکه ارتفاع بیشینه قله 4هزار 811 متر از سطح دریاهای آزاد و بلندترین نقطه آذربایجان و دومین قله مرتفع کشور است.
سبلان کوهی مرتفع در شمال غرب کشور و در استان اردبیل سومین قله بلند ایران که به عنوان یک کوه آتشفشانی غیر فعال است که به دلیل آبگرم های طبیعی دامنه کوه، طبیعت تابستانی زیبا و پیست اسکی معروف الوارس مورد توجه گردشگران می باشد.جاذبه های توریستی منطقه مشکین شهر شامل جاذبه های طبیعی و جاذبه های تاریخی است که ارتفاعات متعدد ، آبهای معدنی فراوان، دریاچه های کوچک و بزرگ، دشت وجلگه های وسیع و شرایط آن وهوایی مساعد و مطلوب ، همگی نشان از قابلیت ها و استعدادهای طبیعی منطقه برای جلب مشتاقان و علاقه مندان طبیعت دارد.کوه معروف «سلطان ساوالان» با ارتفاع 4811 متر از سطح دریا ، عظمت خاصی به منطقه بخشیده است و این کوه با یخچال های عظیم از منظر ورزش کوهنوردی و یخچال نوردی، یکی از کوههای مطرح در سطح جهان است و هرسال و بویژه در فصل تابستان هزاران علاقه مند از اقصی نقاط ایران و جهان به این کوهستان روی می آورند و از مواهب طبیعی آن بهره مند می شوند.آبهای معدنی گوناگون یکی از مهم ترین جاذبه های توریستی این منطقه به شمار می آید. وجود هشت چشمه آب معدنی که حاوی آبهای گوگردی ، کربناته، سولفوره، بی کربناته، کلروره، آشامیدنی گازدار و آشامیدنی بدون گاز است و این چشمه ها خواص درمانی فراوان داردکه نه تنها در سطح ایران، بلکه درسطح جهان نیز بی نظیر است. کوهستان سبلان موهبت های طبیعی خود را سخاوتمندانه به ساکنان پیرامونش ارزانی داشته است . به سبب فراوانی و سهولت دستیابی به آب دشتهای اطراف ، سبلان از دیرباز شاهد و جایگاه مدنیت های بسیار مهم درطول تاریخ بوده است. وجود آثار و شواهد متعدد از ادوار مختلف تاریخ ، از هزاره های قبل از میلاد مسیح تا ظهور اسلام ، هریک از شهرهای منطقه را به دوران اشکانیان و ساسانیان و پیش از آن پیوند می دهد.یادمان های تاریخی برجای مانده در منطقه سبلان ، جلوه یی دیگر از توان و استعداد بالقوه آن در جذب توریست و رونق گردشگری در این خطه باستانی بشمار می آیدکه این منطقه قابلیت های بسیار و توان بالقوه فروان برای سرمایه گذاری در فعالیت های توریستی و تفریحی دارد و ضرورت شناخت دقیق و شناساندن پدیده های منحصر به فرد آن به جهانگردان بدیهی به نظر می رسد.سنگ مقدس محراب یا محرابه ،سنگ عقاب یا قارتال ، دریاچه دهانه آتشفشان ، یخچالها و برف چالهایی با قدمت معادل عمر کوهستان، ارتفاعات و قلل با ویژگیهای خاص اراضی و محیطی شامل هرم داغ یا سبلان کوچک با ارتفاع 4هزارو587 متر ، کسری یا آقام داغ با ارتفاع 4 هزار و577متر و جنودارداغی (قبله داغی) با ارتفاع 3هزار و950 متر از ویژگیهای طبیعی این اثر می باشد.دره های معروف سبلان صندوق لو دره سی، دره اسب مرز (اسنز دره سی)، دره آلوارس یا قزل گول لر ، دره کرکری (مجنده)، دمیرچی دره سی، دره دوجاق دره اسماعیل کندی ، دره موئیل از در از درههای این منطقه میباشدمنطقه سبلان دارای چشم اندازهای بسیار با ارزش شامل آبشار گورگور، آبشار سردابه و آبشار شاه بلاغی می باشد یکی از پتانسیل های زیستی و طبیعی منطقه سبلان که به نوبه خود منحصر به فرد است شیروان دره نام دارد.این دره معروف ترین و مشهورترین دره سبلان است که از آبگرم شابیل واقع در شمال سبلان سلطان شروع می شود و تا جنوبی ترین نقطه آن یعنی آت گولی امتداد دارد. همچنین تالابهای آت گولی و قره گل نه تنها اکوسیستم خاصی در کوهستان ایجاد نموده بلکه پذیرای ده ها نوع پرنده از جمله آنقوت و اردک سرسبز می باشد

آتشفشان سبلان
آتشفشان سبلان از نوع آتشفشان نقطه ای و مخروط مختلف است که از نظر ساختمان و حجم،شبیه آتشفشانهای قاره ای ولی از نظر ترکیب شیمیایی شباهتی با انواع حاشیه قاره ای ندارد. ارتفاع آتشفشان سبلان از سطح دریا 4800 متر و گدازه ای آن مساحتی معادل 1200 کیلومتر مربع را در بر می گیرد.جاذبه های توریستی منطقه سبلان به دو گروه عمده جاذبه های طبیعی و جاذبه های تاریخی تقسیم می شود. ارتفاعات متعدد و در جوار آن آبهای معدنی موجود ، وجود دریاچه های بزرگ و کوچک ، دشت و جلگه های وسیع پیرامونی ، شرایط آب و هوایی مساعد و مناسب ، همگی از استعدادها و قابلیتهای بالقوه طبیعی ، فراغتی و استراحتی به شمار می آیند

اکولوژی گیاهان منطقه سبلان
فصل بهار آغاز رویش گیاهان مرتعی بوده که با ذوب شدن تدریجی برفهای زمستانی شروع می شود و در این مرحله مراتع راژئوفیت های گلدار می پوشاند گونه های تشکیل دهنده سینوزی اردیبهشت ماه مراتع سبلان ، هفت گونه اصلی دارد که پنج گونه از آنها به تیره لاله و یک گونه به تیره آلاله و گونه دیگر به تیره زنبق تعلق دارد.معرفی تنوع گونه ای گیاهان منطقه سبلان به ترتیب اهمیت و تیره های گیاهی :تیره سیر، تیره تاج خروس ، تیره زرشک، تیره گاوزبان ، تیره گل استکانی ، تیره اقطی، تیره میخک، تیره اسفناجیان، تیره سیستاسه ، تیره مرکبان، تیره شب بو ، تیره جگن ها، تیره ریش بز، تیره شاه تره، تیره شمعدانی ، تیره گندمیان، تیره لاله، تیره پنیرک، تیره گل مفربی، تیره کوکنیاریان، تیره پروانه واران، تیره بارهنگ، تیره پیومباژیناسه، تیره ترشک، تیره گوشاب ، تیره آلاله، اسپرکها ، تیره گل سرخ ، تیره بادنجانیان، تیره گل میمون ، تیره قیچ ها ، تیره سنبل الطیب، تیره چتریان.بطور کلی در منطقه سبلان 39 تیره و 256 گونه شناسایی شده و جگن ها از تنوع زیاد برخوردار بوده که تعداد گونه های آن شناسایی نشده است از این تعداد 24 تیره در ارتفاع کمتر از 3000 متری و 9 تیره بین 3500-3000 متری و 6 تیره تا ارتفاع 3900 متری داخل محدوده آثار طبیعی ملی سبلان گسترش دارند که این تیره عبارتند از تیره گل استکانی و مرکبان.

حیات وحش
گونه های مهم حیات وحش
این منطقه عبارتند از خرس قهوه ای ، کل و بز (پازن) ، خار پشت اروپایی ، انواع سمور، سنگی ، تشی ، رودک ، سیاه گوش ، گرگ ، روباه معمولی ، راسو ، گراز وحشی ، شغال ، خرگوش ، و از مهمترین پرندگان بومی منطقه نیز می توان به عقاب طلایی ، سارگپه ، طرلان ، پیغو، قرقی ، بحری ، لیل ، دلیجه ، دلیجه کوچک ، دم جنبانک، انواع سهره، جغد کوچک ، سبز قبا ، زنبور خوار، هدهد ، انواع چلچله ، انواع چکاوک، پرستو ، بادرچین ، کبک دری، کبوتر چاهی، بادخورک، انواع کلاغ، انواع زاغ ، اشاره کرد.خزندگان منطقه سوسمار ، گرزه مار (افعی ) مار آتشی ، مارچلیپر، لاک پشت مهمیز دار ، مار زنگی
است.طبق مصوبه شماره 223 مورخ 21خرداد81 شورایعالی حفاظت محیط زیست قله سبلان (سلطان ساوالان) از محدوده ارتفاع 146/125 .3600 متر از سطح دریاهای آزاد و به وسعت 6879 هکتار بعنوان اثر طبیعی ملی معرفی گردیده است
iscanews

Contact Us
Please note:
1- We hate spams as much as you do ,your personal information will never be shared with 3rd parties.
2- To help us distinguish between your email and spams, please quote Damavand or Iran Nature in your email subject .
3- Please write your email in English.
4- We will reply to all emails which have the subject Damavand or Iran Nature , please be patient .
5- If you did not get a reply in 2 days , please check your spam box.

If you have any suggestions about our webpage please don't hesitate to drop us a note. If you have any question about climbing Mount Damavand or visiting Iran Natural Attractions feel free to ask .

Volcano Damavand
Solard[at]gmail.com

Welcome to Volcano Damavand
Volcano Sabalan VDG870527-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand . All rights reserved.

Sabalan Iran سبلان ایران Sabalan Iran سبلان ایران Sabalan Iran سبلان ایران Sabalan Iran سبلان ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران hiking & trekking mt damavand iran nature and iran ecosystem , climbing mt damavand and other Iran mountains, Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران equipment list and GPS landmark for mt damavand, route and trail maps for mt damavand, Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران camps , resting places and timing for mt damavand, itinerary mt damavand , experienced guide mt damavand, Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران guided tour for mt damavand, transport & services for mt damavand weather forecast damavand .Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران Damavand Iran دماوند ایران mt damavand iran nature and iran ecosystem photo, picture and video . mt damavand iran nature and iran ecosystem guide .

2008-08-15T07:00:00.000-07:00

Damavand Volcanic Statues
There is a ridge in the south route of Volcano Damavand , we call it Statue Ridge (Farsi Name Yaal e Tandis), which you can find many volcanic statues in different shapes and sizes.

Volcanic Statues of Volcano Damavand

2008-07-25T09:06:00.001-07:00

Volcanic and Geologic Terms for Volcano Damavand
or Geologic and Volcanic Terms for Volcano Damavand

Volcano Damavand Photo Gallery

A
'A'a: Hawaiian word used to describe a lava flow whose surface is broken into rough angular fragments. Click here to view a photo of 'a'a.
Accessory: A mineral whose presence in a rock is not essential to the proper classification of the rock.
Accidental: Pyroclastic rocks that are formed from fragments of non-volcanic rocks or from volcanic rocks not related to the erupting volcano.
Accretionary Lava Ball: A rounded mass, ranging in diameter from a few centimeters to several meters, [carried] on the surface of a lava flow (e.g., 'a'a) or on cinder-cone slopes [and formed] by the molding of viscous lava around a core of already solidified lava.
Acid: A descriptive term applied to igneous rocks with more than 60% silica (SiO2).
Active Volcano: A volcano that is erupting. Also, a volcano that is not presently erupting, but that has erupted within historical time and is considered likely to do so in the future.
Agglutinate: A pyroclastic deposit consisting of an accumulation of originally plastic ejecta and formed by the coherence of the fragments upon solidification.
Alkalic: Rocks which contain above average amounts of sodium and/or potassium for the group of rocks for which it belongs. For example, the basalts of the capping stage of Hawaiian volcanoes are alkalic. They contain more sodium and/or potassium than the shield-building basalts that make the bulk of the volcano.
Andesite: Volcanic rock (or lava) characteristically medium dark in color and containing 54 to 62 percent silica and moderate amounts of iron and magnesium.
Ash: Fine particles of pulverized rock blown from an explosion vent. Measuring less than 1/10 inch in diameter, ash may be either solid or molten when first erupted. By far the most common variety is vitric ash (glassy particles formed by gas bubbles bursting through liquid magma).
Ashfall (Airfall): Volcanic ash that has fallen through the air from an eruption cloud. A deposit so formed is usually well sorted and layered.
Ash Flow: A turbulent mixture of gas and rock fragments, most of which are ash-sized particles, ejected violently from a crater or fissure. The mass of pyroclastics is normally of very high temperature and moves rapidly down the slopes or even along a level surface.
Asthenosphere: The shell within the earth, some tens of kilometers below the surface and of undefined thickness, which is a shell of weakness where plastic movements take place to permit pressure adjustments.
Aquifer: A body of rock that contains significant quantities of water that can be tapped by wells or springs.
Avalanche: A large mass of material or mixtures of material falling or sliding rapidly under the force of gravity. Avalanches often are classified by their content, such as snow, ice, soil, or rock avalanches. A mixture of these materials is a debris avalanche.

B
Basalt: Volcanic rock (or lava) that characteristically is dark in color, contains 45% to 54% silica, and generally is rich in iron and magnesium.
Basement: The undifferentiated rocks that underlie the rocks of interest in an area.
Basic: A descriptive term applied to igneous rocks (basalt and gabbro) with silica (SiO2) between 44% and 52%.
Bench: The unstable, newly-formed front of a lava delta.
Blister: A swelling of the crust of a lava flow formed by the puffing-up of gas or vapor beneath the flow. Blisters are about 1 meter in diameter and hollow.
Block: Angular chunk of solid rock ejected during an eruption.
Bomb: Fragment of molten or semi-molten rock, 2 1/2 inches to many feet in diameter, which is blown out during an eruption. Because of their plastic condition, bombs are often modified in shape during their flight or upon impact.

C
Caldera: The Spanish word for cauldron, a basin-shaped volcanic depression; by definition, at least a mile in diameter. Such large depressions are typically formed by the subsidence of volcanoes. Crater Lake occupies the best-known caldera in the Cascades.
Capping Stage: Refers to a stage in the evolution of a typical Hawaiian volcano during which alkalic, basalt, and related rocks build a steeply, sloping cap on the main shield of the volcano. Eruptions are less frequent, but more explosive. The summit caldera may be buried.
Central Vent: A central vent is an opening at the Earth's surface of a volcanic conduit of cylindrical or pipe-like form.
Central Volcano: A volcano constructed by the ejection of debris and lava flows from a central point, forming a more or less symmetrical volcano.
Cinder Cone: A volcanic cone built entirely of loose fragmented material (pyroclastics.)
Cirque: A steep-walled horseshoe-shaped recess high on a mountain that is formed by glacial erosion.
Cleavage: The breaking of a mineral along crystallographic planes, that reflects a crystal structure.
Composite Volcano: A steep volcanic cone built by both lava flows and pyroclastic eruptions.
Compound Volcano: A volcano that consists of a complex of two or more vents, or a volcano that has an associated volcanic dome, either in its crater or on its flanks. Examples are Vesuvius and Mont Pelee.
Compression Waves: Earthquake waves that move like a slinky. As the wave moves to the left, for example, it expands and compresses in the same direction as it moves. Usage of compression waves.
Conduit: A passage followed by magma in a volcano.
Continental Crust: Solid, outer layers of the earth, including the rocks of the continents. Usage of continental crust.
Continental Drift: The theory that horizontal movement of the earth's surface causes slow, relative movements of the continents toward or away from one another.
Country Rocks: The rock intruded by and surrounding an igneous intrusion.
Crater: A steep-sided, usually circular depression formed by either explosion or collapse at a volcanic vent.
Craton: A part of the earth's crust that has attained stability and has been little deformed for a prolonged period.
Curtain of Fire: A row of coalescing lava fountains along a fissure; a typical feature of a Hawaiian-type eruption.

D
Dacite: Volcanic rock (or lava) that characteristically is light in color and contains 62% to 69% silica and moderate a mounts of sodium and potassium.
Debris Avalanche: A rapid and unusually sudden sliding or flowage of unsorted masses of rock and other material. As applied to the major avalanche involved in the eruption of Mount St. Helens, a rapid mass movement that included fragmented cold and hot volcanic rock, water, snow, glacier ice, trees, and some hot pyroclastic material. Most of the May 18, 1980 deposits in the upper valley of the North Fork Toutle River and in the vicinity of Spirit Lake are from the debris avalanche.
Debris Flow: A mixture of water-saturated rock debris that flows downslope under the force of gravity (also called lahar or mudflow).
Detachment Plane: The surface along which a landslide disconnects from its original position.
Devonian: A period of time in the Paleozoic Era that covered the time span between 400 and 345 million years.
Diatreme: A breccia filled volcanic pipe that was formed by a gaseous explosion.
Dike: A sheetlike body of igneous rock that cuts across layering or contacts in the rock into which it intrudes.
Dome: A steep-sided mass of viscous (doughy) lava extruded from a volcanic vent (often circular in plane view) and spiny, rounded, or flat on top. Its surface is often rough and blocky as a result of fragmentation of the cooler, outer crust during growth of the dome.
Dormant Volcano: Literally, "sleeping." The term is used to describe a volcano which is presently inactive but which may erupt again. Most of the major Cascade volcanoes are believed to be dormant rather than extinct.
Drainage Basin: The area of land drained by a river system.

E
Echelon: Set of geologic features that are in an overlapping or a staggered arrangement (e.g., faults). Each is relatively short, but collectively they form a linear zone in which the strike of the individual features is oblique to that of the zone as a whole.
Ejecta: Material that is thrown out by a volcano, including pyroclastic material (tephra) and lava bombs.
Episode: An episode is a volcanic event that is distinguished by its duration or style.
Eruption: The process by which solid, liquid, and gaseous materials are ejected into the earth's atmosphere and onto the earth's surface by volcanic activity. Eruptions range from the quiet overflow of liquid rock to the tremendously violent expulsion of pyroclastics.
Eruption Cloud: The column of gases, ash, and larger rock fragments rising from a crater or other vent. If it is of sufficient volume and velocity, this gaseous column may reach many miles into the stratosphere, where high winds will carry it long distances.
Eruptive Vent: The opening through which volcanic material is emitted.
Evacuate: Temporarily move people away from possible danger.
Extinct Volcano: A volcano that is not presently erupting and is not likely to do so for a very long time in the future. Usage of extinct.
Extrusion: The emission of magmatic material at the earth's surface. Also, the structure or form produced by the process (e.g., a lava flow, volcanic dome, or certain pyroclastic rocks).

F
Fault: A crack or fracture in the earth's surface. Movement along the fault can cause earthquakes or--in the process of mountain-building--can release underlying magma and permit it to rise to the surface.
Fault Scarp A steep slope or cliff formed directly by movement along a fault and representing the exposed surface of the fault before modification by erosion and weathering.
Felsic: An igneous rock having abundant light-colored minerals.
Fire fountain: See also: lava fountain
Fissures: Elongated fractures or cracks on the slopes of a volcano. Fissure eruptions typically produce liquid flows, but pyroclastics may also be ejected.
Flank Eruption: An eruption from the side of a volcano (in contrast to a summit eruption.)
Fluvial: Produced by the action of of flowing water.
Formation: A body of rock identified by lithic characteristics and stratigraphic position and is mappable at the earth's surface or traceable in the subsurface.
Fracture: The manner of breaking due to intense folding or faulting.
Fumarole: A vent or opening through which issue steam, hydrogen sulfide, or other gases. The craters of many dormant volcanoes contain active fumaroles.

G
Geothermal Energy: Energy derived from the internal heat of the earth.
Geothermal Power: Power generated by using the heat energy of the earth.
Graben: An elongate crustal block that is relatively depressed (downdropped) between two fault systems.
Guyot: A type of seamount that has a platform top. Named for a nineteenth-century Swiss-American geologist.

H
Hardness: The resistance of a mineral to scratching.
Harmonic Tremor: A continuous release of seismic energy typically associated with the underground movement of magma. It contrasts distinctly with the sudden release and rapid decrease of seismic energy associated with the more common type of earthquake caused by slippage along a fault.
Heat transfer: Movement of heat from one place to another.
Heterolithologic: Material is made up of a heterogeneous mix of different rock types. Instead of being composed on one rock type, it is composed of fragments of many different rocks.
Holocene: The time period from 10,000 years ago to the present. Also, the rocks and deposits of that age.
Horizontal Blast: An explosive eruption in which the resultant cloud of hot ash and other material moves laterally rather than upward.
Horst: A block of the earth's crust, generally long compared to its width, that has been uplifted along faults relative to the rocks on either side.
Hot Spot: A volcanic center, 60 to 120 miles (100 to 200 km) across and persistent for at least a few tens of million of years, that is thought to be the surface expression of a persistent rising plume of hot mantle material. Hot spots are not linked to arcs and may not be associated with ocean ridges.
Hot-spot Volcanoes: Volcanoes related to a persistent heat source in the mantle.
Hyaloclastite: A deposit formed by the flowing or intrusion of lava or magma into water, ice, or water-saturated sediment and its consequent granulation or shattering into small angular fragments.
Hydrothermal Reservoir: An underground zone of porous rock containing hot water.
Hypabyssal: A shallow intrusion of magma or the resulting solidified rock.
Hypocenter: The place on a buried fault where an earthquake occurs. Usage of hypocenter.

I
Ignimbrite: The rock formed by the widespread deposition and consolidation of ash flows and Nuees Ardentes. The term was originally applied only to densely welded deposits but now includes non-welded deposits.
Intensity: A measure of the effects of an earthquake at a particular place. Intensity depends not only on the magnitude of the earthquake, but also on the distance from the epicenter and the local geology.
Intermediate: A descriptive term applied to igneous rocks that are transitional between basic and acidic with silica (SiO2) between 54% and 65%.
Intrusion: The process of emplacement of magma in pre-existing rock. Also, the term refers to igneous rock mass so formed within the surrounding rock.

J
Joint: A surface of fracture in a rock.
Juvenile: Pyroclastic material derived directly from magma reaching the surface.

K
Kipuka: An area surrounded by a lava flow.

L
Laccolith: A body of igneous rocks with a flat bottom and domed top. It is parallel to the layers above and below it.
Lahar: A torrential flow of water-saturated volcanic debris down the slope of a volcano in response to gravity. A type of mudflow. Usage of lahar. For a larger discussion on lahars, click here.
Landsat: A series of unmanned satellites orbiting at about 706 km (438 miles) above the surface of the earth. The satellites carry cameras similar to video cameras and take images or pictures showing features as small as 30 m or 80 m wide, depending on which camera is used. Usage of Landsat.
Lapilli: Literally, "little stones." Round to angular rock fragments, measuring 1/10 inch to 2 1/2 inches in diameter, which may be ejected in either a solid or molten state.
Lava: Magma which has reached the surface through a volcanic eruption. The term is most commonly applied to streams of liquid rock that flow from a crater or fissure. It also refers to cooled and solidified rock.
Lava Dome: Mass of lava, created by many individual flows, that has built a dome-shaped pile of lava.
Lava Flow: An outpouring of lava onto the land surface from a vent or fissure. Also, a solidified tongue like or sheet-like body formed by outpouring lava.
Lava Fountain: A rhythmic vertical fountainlike eruption of lava.
Lava Lake (Pond): A lake of molten lava, usually basaltic, contained in a vent, crater, or broad depression of a shield volcano.
Lava Shields: A shield volcano made of basaltic lava.
Lava Tube: A tunnel formed when the surface of a lava flow cools and solidifies while the still-molten interior flows through and drains away.
Limu O Pele (Pele Seaweed): Delicate, translucent sheets of spatter filled with tiny glass bubbles.
Lithic: Of or pertaining to stone.
Lithosphere: The rigid crust and uppermost mantle of the earth. Thickness is on the order of 60 miles (100 km). Stronger than the underlying asthenosphere.
Luster: The reflection of light from the surface of a mineral.

M
Maar: A volcanic crater that is produced by an explosion in an area of low relief, is generally more or less circular, and often contains a lake, pond, or marsh.
Mafic: An igneous composed chiefly of one or more dark-colored minerals.
Magma: Molten rock beneath the surface of the earth.
Magma Chamber: The subterranean cavity containing the gas-rich liquid magma which feeds a volcano.
Magmatic: Pertaining to magma.
Magnitude: A numerical expression of the amount of energy released by an earthquake, determined by measuring earthquake waves on standardized recording instruments (seismographs.) The number scale for magnitudes is logarithmic rather than arithmetic. Therefore, deflections on a seismograph for a magnitude 5 earthquake, for example, are 10 times greater than those for a magnitude 4 earthquake, 100 times greater than for a magnitude 3 earthquake, and so on.
Mantle: The zone of the earth below the crust and above the core.
Matrix: The solid matter in which a fossil or crystal is embedded. Also, a binding substance (e.g., cement in concrete).
Miocene: An epoch in Earth's history from about 24 to 5 million years ago. Also refers to the rocks that formed in that epoch.
Moho: Also called the Mohorovicic discontinuity. The surface or discontinuity that separates the crust from the mantle. The Moho is at a depth of 5-10 km beneath the ocean floor and about 35 km below the continents (but down to 60 km below mountains). Named for Andrija Mohorovicic, a Croatian seismologist.
Monogenetic: A volcano built by a single eruption.
Mudflow: A flowage of water-saturated earth material possessing a high degree of fluidity during movement. A less-saturated flowing mass is often called a debris flow. A mudflow originating on the flank of a volcano is properly called a lahar.
Myth: A fictional story to explain the origin of some person, place, or thing. Usage of myth.

N
Nuees Ardentes: A French term applied to a highly heated mass of gas-charged ash which is expelled with explosive force and moves hurricane speed down the mountainside. Usage of Nuees Ardentes

O
Obsidian: A black or dark-colored volcanic glass, usually composed of rhyolite.
Oceanic Crust: The earth's crust where it underlies oceans. Usage of oceanic crust.

P
Pahoehoe: A Hawaiian term for lava with a smooth, billowy, or ropy surface. Click here to view a photo of pahoehoe.
Pali: Hawaiian word for steep hills or cliffs.
Pele Hair: A natural spun glass formed by blowing-out during quiet fountaining of fluid lava, cascading lava falls, or turbulent flows, sometimes in association with pele tears. A single strand, with a diameter of less than half a millimeter, may be as long as two meters.
Pele Tears: Small, solidified drops of volcanic glass behind which trail pendants of Pele hair. They may be tear-shaped, spherical, or nearly cylindrical.
Peralkaline: Igneous rocks in which the molecular proportion of aluminum oxide is less than that of sodium and potassium oxides combined.
Phenocryst: A conspicuous, usually large, crystal embedded in porphyritic igneous rock.
Phreatic Eruption (Explosion): An explosive volcanic eruption caused when water and heated volcanic rocks interact to produce a violent expulsion of steam and pulverized rocks. Magma is not involved.
Phreatomagmatic: An explosive volcanic eruption that results from the interaction of surface or subsurface water and magma.
Pillow lava: Interconnected, sack-like bodies of lava formed underwater.
Pipe: A vertical conduit through the Earth's crust below a volcano, through which magmatic materials have passed. Commonly filled with volcanic breccia and fragments of older rock.
Pit Crater: A crater formed by sinking in of the surface, not primarily a vent for lava.
Plastic: Capable of being molded into any form, which is retained.
Plate Tectonics: The theory that the earth's crust is broken into about 10 fragments (plates,) which move in relation to one another, shifting continents, forming new ocean crust, and stimulating volcanic eruptions.
Pleistocene: A epoch in Earth history from about 2-5 million years to 10,000 years ago. Also refers to the rocks and sediment deposited in that epoch.
Plinian Eruption: An explosive eruption in which a steady, turbulent stream of fragmented magma and magmatic gases is released at a high velocity from a vent. Large volumes of tephra and tall eruption columns are characteristic.
Plug: Solidified lava that fills the conduit of a volcano. It is usually more resistant to erosion than the material making up the surrounding cone, and may remain standing as a solitary pinnacle when the rest of the original structure has eroded away.
Plug Dome: The steep-sided, rounded mound formed when viscous lava wells up into a crater and is too stiff to flow away. It piles up as a dome-shaped mass, often completely filling the vent from which it emerged.
Pluton: A large igneous intrusion formed at great depth in the crust.
Polygenetic: Originating in various ways or from various sources.
Precambrian:All geologic time from the beginning of Earth history to 570 million years ago. Also refers to the rocks that formed in that epoch.
Pumice: Light-colored, frothy volcanic rock, usually of dacite or rhyolite composition, formed by the expansion of gas in erupting lava. Commonly seen as lumps or fragments of pea-size and larger, but can also occur abundantly as ash-sized particles. Usage of pumice.
Pyroclastic: Pertaining to fragmented (clastic) rock material formed by a volcanic explosion or ejection from a volcanic vent.
Pyroclastic Flow: Lateral flowage of a turbulent mixture of hot gases and unsorted pyroclastic material (volcanic fragments, crystals, ash, pumice, and glass shards) that can move at high speed (50 to 100 miles an hour.) The term also can refer to the deposit so formed.

Q
Quaternary: The period of Earth's history from about 2 million years ago to the present; also, the rocks and deposits of that age.

R
Relief: The vertical difference between the summit of a mountain and the adjacent valley or plain.
Renewed Volcanism State: Refers to a state in the evolution of a typical Hawaiian volcano during which --after a long period of quiescence--lava and tephra erupt intermittently. Erosion and reef building continue.
Repose: The interval of time between volcanic eruptions.
Rhyodacite: An extrusive rock intermediate in composition between dacite and rhyolite.
Rhyolite: Volcanic rock (or lava) that characteristically is light in color, contains 69% silica or more, and is rich in potassium and sodium.
Ridge, Oceanic: A major submarine mountain range.
Rift System: The oceanic ridges formed where tectonic plates are separating and a new crust is being created; also, their on-land counterparts such as the East African Rift.
Rift Zone: A zone of volcanic features associated with underlying dikes. The location of the rift is marked by cracks, faults, and vents.
Ring of Fire: The regions of mountain-building earthquakes and volcanoes which surround the Pacific Ocean.

S
Scoria: A bomb-size (> 64 mm) pyroclast that is irregular in form and generally very vesicular. It is usually heavier, darker, and more crystalline than pumice.
Seafloor Spreading: The mechanism by which new seafloor crust is created at oceanic ridges and slowly spreads away as plates are separating.
Seamount: A submarine volcano.
Seismograph: An instrument that records seismic waves; that is, vibrations of the earth.
Seismologist: Scientists who study earthquake waves and what they tell us about the inside of the Earth. Usage of seismologist.
Seismometer: An instrument that measures motion of the ground caused by earthquake waves. Usage of seismometer.
Shearing: The motion of surfaces sliding past one another.
Shear Waves: Earthquake waves that move up and down as the wave itself moves. For example, to the left. Usage of shear waves.
Shield Volcano: A gently sloping volcano in the shape of a flattened dome and built almost exclusively of lava flows.
Shoshonite: A trachyandesite composed of olivine and augite phenocrysts in a groundmass of labradorite with alkali feldspar rims, olivine, augite, a small amount of leucite, and some dark-colored glass. Its name is derived from the Shoshone River, Wyoming and given by Iddings in 1895.
Silica: A chemical combination of silicon and oxygen.
Sill: A tabular body of intrusive igneous rock, parallel to the layering of the rocks into which it intrudes.
Skylight: An opening formed by a collapse in the roof of a lava tube.
Solfatara: A type of fumarole, the gases of which are characteristically sulfurous.
Spatter Cone: A low, steep-sided cone of spatter built up on a fissure or vent. It is usually of basaltic material.
Spatter Rampart: A ridge of congealed pyroclastic material (usually basaltic) built up on a fissure or vent.
Specific Gravity: The density of a mineral divided by the density of water.
Spines: Horn-like projections formed upon a lava dome.
Stalactite: A cone shaped deposit of minerals hanging from the roof of a cavern.
Stratigraphic: The study of rock strata, especially of their distribution, deposition, and age.
Stratovolcano: A volcano composed of both lava flows and pyroclastic material.
Streak: The color of a mineral in the powdered form.
Strike-Slip Fault: A nearly vertical fault with side-slipping displacement.
Strombolian Eruption: A type of volcanic eruption characterized by jetting of clots or fountains of fluid basaltic lava from a central crater.
Subduction Zone: The zone of convergence of two tectonic plates, one of which usually overrides the other.
Surge: A ring-shaped cloud of gas and suspended solid debris that moves radially outward at high velocity as a density flow from the base of a vertical eruption column accompanying a volcanic eruption or crater formation.

T
Talus: A slope formed a the base of a steeper slope, made of fallen and disintegrated materials.
Tephra: Materials of all types and sizes that are erupted from a crater or volcanic vent and deposited from the air.
Tephrochronology: The collection, preparation, petrographic description, and approximate dating of tephra.
Tilt: The angle between the slope of a part of a volcano and some reference. The reference may be the slope of the volcano at some previous time.
Trachyandesite: An extrusive rock intermediate in composition between trachyte and andesite.
Trachybasalt: An extrusive rock intermediate in composition between trachyte and basalt.
Trachyte: A group of fine-grained, generally porphyritic, extrusive igneous rocks having alkali feldspar and minor mafic minerals as the main components, and possibly a small amount of sodic plagioclase.
Tremor: Low amplitude, continuous earthquake activity often associated with magma movement.
Tsunami: A great sea wave produced by a submarine earthquake, volcanic eruption, or large landslide.
Tuff: Rock formed of pyroclastic material.
Tuff Cone: A type of volcanic cone formed by the interaction of basaltic magma and water. Smaller and steeper than a tuff ring.
Tuff Ring: A wide, low-rimmed, well-bedded accumulation of hyalo-clastic debris built around a volcanic vent located in a lake, coastal zone, marsh, or area of abundant ground water.
Tumulus: A doming or small mound on the crest of a lava flow caused by pressure due to the difference in the rate of flow between the cooler crust and the more fluid lava below.

U
Ultramafic: Igneous rocks made mostly of the mafic minerals hypersthene, augite, and/or olivine.
Unconformity: A substantial break or gap in the geologic record where a rock unit is overlain by another that is not next in stratigraphic sucession, such as an interruption in continuity of a depositional sequence of sedimentary rocks or a break between eroded igneous rocks and younger sedimentary strata. It results from a change that caused deposition to cease for a considerable time, and it normally implies uplift and erosion with loss of the previous formed record.

V
Vent: The opening at the earth's surface through which volcanic materials issue forth. Usage of vent.
Vesicle: A small air pocket or cavity formed in volcanic rock during solidification.
Viscosity: A measure of resistance to flow in a liquid (water has low viscosity while honey has a higher viscosity.)
Volcano: A vent in the surface of the Earth through which magma and associated gases and ash erupt; also, the form or structure (usually conical) that is produced by the ejected material.
Volcanic Arc: A generally curved linear belt of volcanoes above a subduction zone, and the volcanic and plutonic rocks formed there.
Volcanic Complex: A persistent volcanic vent area that has built a complex combination of volcanic landforms.
Volcanic Cone: A mound of loose material that was ejected ballistically.
Volcanic Neck: A massive pillar of rock more resistant to erosion than the lavas and pyroclastic rocks of a volcanic cone.
Vulcan: Roman god of fire and the forge after whom volcanoes are named.
Vulcanian: A type of eruption consisting of the explosive ejection of incandescent fragments of new viscous lava, usually on the form of blocks.

W
Water Table: The surface between where the pore space in rock is filled with water and where the the pore space in rock is filled with air.

X
Xenocrysts: A crystal that resembles a phenocryst in igneous rock, but is a foreign to the body of rock in which it occurs.
Xenoliths: A foreign inclusion in an igneous rock.

Y

Glossary compiled from:
Audubon Society, The Once and Future Mountain (July, 1980)
Bullard, Fred M., Volcanoes of the Earth (London: University of Texas Press, 1976)
Decker and Decker, Volcanoes (W.H. Freeman and Company, 1980)
Foxworthy and Hill, Volcanic Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: The First 100 Days (U.S. Geological Survey)
Korosec, The 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens (Washington State Department of Natural Resources)
MacDonald, Volcanoes (Prentice-Hall)
Tilling, Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: Past, Present and Future (U.S. Geological Survey)
Bates, R.L., and Jackson, J.A., Glossary of Geology (American Geological Institute, 1987)
Takahashi, T.J., and Griggs, J.D., Hawaiian Volcanic Features: A Photoglossary (U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1350, v. 2, 1987).
USGS Glossary
To VolcanoWorld

Solard[at]gmail.com
Volcano Damavand > Volcanic and Geologic Terms
VDG870504-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand . All rights reserved.

Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran ,Iran Nature photo , Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran Iran Nature picture , Nature Iran picture Iran Nature video ,Nature Iran video Iran Nature Tour , Nature Tour Iran , Iran Nature Guide , Nature Guide Iran hiking & trekking Iran Nature , Iran Nature hiking & trekking

2008-07-05T10:10:00.000-07:00

Volcano Damavand Photo Gallery

Volcano Damavand Hot Springs
Abe Garm Damavand
Abe Garm Larijan
Volcano Damavand has several hot springs of mineral water with therapeutic qualities, the hot springs are mainly located on the volcano's flanks and at the base , giving evidence of volcanic heat comparatively near the surface of the earth . Although Volcano Damavand is believed to be extinct and while no historic eruptions of the Volcano Damavand are recorded , hot springs on the flanks of the volcano and fumaroles (steam vents) in the summit crater suggest that a hot or cooling magma body is still present beneath the Volcano Damavand. This continuing activity, while minor, sulphorous fumaroles still emit gases at the peak, and hot springs in the valleys testify to a remaining heat source , indicates that Mount Damavand is a dormant rather than an extinct volcano. The most important of these hot springs are located in Abe garm Larijan .
If you have enough time after your climb to Volcano Damavand , it is a good idea to go to Abe Garm Larijan 5 km from Reyneh, which you may use the benefit of mineral hot water springs of Damavand and spend a night there. Taking a bath in the basin or pool of hot minaral water of Larijan which let you forget about all the exhaustion of Mount Damavand climb very fast , and of course , dont forget the persian chelo kabab afterward !

vocabulary !
abe = Water
garm = Warm , Hot
Larijan or Larigan= a smal city located in the south east of Damavand
Reyneh = a smal city located in the south of Damavand
abe garm Larijan = hot spring of Larijan
chelo kabab = a delicious Iranian food you must test it yourself

Solard[at]gmail.com
Volcano Damavand > Volcano Damavand Hot Springs
VDG870415-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand . All rights reserved.

Iran Nature , Nature Iran ,
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Nature photo , Nature Iran photo
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Nature picture , Nature Iran picture
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Nature video ,Nature Iran video
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Nature Tour , Nature Tour Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Nature Guide , Nature Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
hiking & trekking Iran Nature , Iran Nature hiking & trekking
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

Iran Ecosystem , Ecosystem Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Ecosystem photo , Ecosystem Iran photo
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Ecosystem picture , Ecosystem Iran picture
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Ecosystem video , Ecosystem Iran video
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Ecosystem Guide , Ecosystem Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Ecosystem Tour , Ecosystem Tour Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
hiking & trekking Iran Ecosystem , Iran Ecosystem hiking & trekking
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

Iran Damavand photo, Damavand Iran photo
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Damavand picture , Damavand Iran picture
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Damavand video , Damavand Iran video
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Damavand Guide , Damavand Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Damavand Tour , Damavand Tour Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mount Damavand Guide , Mount Damavand Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
hiking & trekking mount damavand , mount damavand hiking & trekking
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

Iran Mountain , Mountain Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mountain photo , Mountain Iran photo
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mountain picture , Mountain Iran picture
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mountain video , Mountain Iran video
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mountain Guide , Mountain Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Mountain Tour , Mountain Tour Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
hiking & trekking Iran mountain , Iran mountain hiking & trekking
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

Iran photo , photo Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran picture , picture Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran video , video Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Tour , Tour Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Guide , Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Iran Tour Guide , Tour Guide Iran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

Tehran photo , photo Tehran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Tehran picture , picture Tehran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Tehran video , video Tehran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Tehran Tour , Tour Tehran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran
Tehran Guide , Guide Tehran
Iran Damavand , Damavand Iran

abc damavand
abc of damavand
abe damavand
abe garm pictures
about damavand
abshar damavand
acclimatization damavand
acclimatization for damavand
all technical info damavand
all technical info mount damavand
ararat mount damavand 2008
âraŝ, the archer damavand
arash kamangir damavand
bargah sevom damavand
bargah sevom camp damavand
bargah sevom winter damavand
bargahe sevom camp damavand
Bargah e sevom damavand
best heavyweight backpack socks damavand
blogspot damavand iran
camp 1 - polour camp damavand
camp s damavand
camp s - mount damavand summit
Camp damavand
camp2-base-camp damavand
can i climb mount damavand
changer pile spf-40 damavand
claimbing mount damavand
claimbing mount damavand
climate at mount damavand
climb damavand
climb damawand
climb mount damavand
climb mount damavand 5,671
climb mount damavand 5,671 m
climb mount damavand 5,671 m - 18,605 ft
climb mt damavand
climb mt damavand april
climbers in iran damavand
climbing damavand
climbing damavand april
climbing damavand costs
climbing damavand winter
climbing equipment for damavand
climbing mount damavand
climbing mt damavand
climbing mt demavend
climbing mt. damavand
contact us damavand
copyright © mount damavand guide
copyright damavand
costs for climbing damavand
damavad
damavad iran
damavad volcano
damavad wikipedia
damavand
damavand
damávand
damāvand
Damavand activity
damavand climbing
damavand video clip
damavand climb winter
damavand 5671
damavand acclimatization
damavand active
damavand activity
damavand ascent
damavand ascents
damavand base camp
damavand besteigung winter
damavand blog
damavand blogspot
damavand camp
damavand camp1
damavand camp2
damavand camp3
damavand cap
damavand cap cloud
damavand chance of success
damavand climate
damavand climb
damavand climbing
damavand climbing record
damavand climbing routes
damavand climbing season
damavand club
damavand club
damavand club iran
damavand conditions
damavand elevation
damavand equipment
damavand equipments
damavand expedition
damavand forcast
damavand from
damavand from mazandaran
damavand google earth
damavand gps
damavand guide
damavand guide
damavand guide climb
damavand guided climb
damavand guides
damavand guiding
damavand hat
damavand hiking
damavand, hiking
damavand hiking & trekking
damavand hot springs
damavand how to
damavand how to climb
damavand icefall
damavand in alborz range
damavand in winter
damavand info
damavand information
damavand iran
damavand iran highest peak
damavand iran mountain guide club
damavand itinerary
Damavand April
damavand May
damavand june
damavand July
damavand August
damavand September
damavand October
damavand koh
damavand lake
damavand lake and tulipes
damavand latest news
damavand 2007
damavand mineral water
damavand mount
damavand mount , pictures
damavand mountain guide
damavand mountain sickness
damavand mountain
damavand mountain wather
damavand mountain weather
damavand mountaineering
damavand mounten
damavand mt
damavand mummies
damavand mythology
damavand nature
damavand news
damavand north route
damavand or fuji
damavand permit
damavand photo
damavand photos
damavand pictures
damavand pool
damavand pool - 5650m - 18536f - iran
damavand price
damavand price list
damavand rank
damavand records
damavand restaurant
damavand route
damavand satellite
damavand sherpa
damavand sherppa
damavand sickness
damavand ski
damavand sleeping
damavand south
damavand spring photos
damavand sulphur
damavand summer
damavand summit
damavand summit in iran
damavand summit sherpa
damavand summit way
damavand super climbers
damavand super climbers
damavand technical information
damavand temperature
damavand tour
damavand tours
damavand tours 2008
damavand trekking
damavand trekking permit
damavand video
damavand volcanic
damavand volcanic activity
damavand volcano
ِdamavand volcano actives
damavand volcano activity
damavand volcano new activity
damavand water
damavand weather
damavand winter
damavand winter climb
damavand winter climbing
Damavand photo gallery
damavand, climbing
damavand, climbing, iran
damavand, hiking
damavand.com
Damavand length
Damavand activity
Damavand base camp
Damavand bears
Damavand camp
Damavand camp2
Damavand contact us
Damavand elevation
Damavand equipment
Damavand google
Damavand google earth
Damavand gps
Damavand how to climb
Damavand icefall
Damavand info
Damavand April weather
Damavand May weather
Damavand june weather
Damavand July weather
Damavand August weather
Damavand September weather
Damavand October weather
Damavand lake
Damavand link
Damavand mummies
Damavand mythology
Damavand nature
Damavand news
Damavand photo
Damavand polour camp
Damavand pool
damavand poppy
damavand poppy fields
Damavand record
Damavand sickness
Damavand tour
Damavand tours 2008
Damavand video
Damavand video clip
Damavand volcani
Damavand volcanic
Damavand volcanic activity
Damavand volcanic statutes
Damavand volcano
Damavand warning
Damavand weather
damavand mt
damavandmt.blogspot.com
damavnd
damawand
damawand wikipedia
demavand 5671
demavand gps
distance from bargah sevom damavand
download google earth damavand
download google photo damavand
economy damavand tour
elevation of damavand
elevation of mount damavand
elevation of mt damavand
equipment list for mount damavand
extra high zip neck covers nose damavand
expedition damavand
facts for mount damavand
fall farsi damavand
faqs about damavand
first person to climb mount damavand
first person to climb mt. damavand
first rank damavand
first rank in mount damavand
first rank in mount damavand climbing
focusing mount damavand
focusing on mount damavand
focusing solely on damavand
frozen lake iran damavand
frozen sheep damavand
future problems of mount damavand
german songs damavand
ghaf summit damavand
glacier damavand
glacier glasses nose guard or cover damavand
google earth damavand
goosfand sara damavand
gosfand sara damavand
gps damavand
gps damavand
gps landmarks
gps tolerance
gps ventilation mount damavand
Gps damavand
group damavand climbers
guide damavand
guide mount damavand
guide mt damavand
guide mt. damavand
Guide damavand
guided mount damavand
guided mount damavand ascents
guides mount damavand
haraz road damavand
height of damavand
high of damavand mount
hike damavand
hike mt. damavand
hiking damavand
hiking damavand summer
hiking mount damavand
Hiking & Trekking damavand
Hiking & Trekking mount damavand
history of the persian name arash damavand
hot springs reyneh damavand
hotel in damavand
how cold is damavand
how did mount damavand formed
how much goose down do i need for mountain use
how to climb damavand
how to reach damavand
how was mount damavand formed
how was mount damavand formed?
http://damavandmt.blogspot.com/
i want to climb mount damavand
Icefall damavand
info about mt. damavand
info. on mount damavand
information about mount acamarachi
information about mount damavand
information mount damavand
information of damavand
informative web page about damavand
informative weblog about mount damavand
inside mount damavand
iran damavand
iran claimbing damavand
iran climbing damavand
iran cultural tour damavand
iran damavand barga
iran damavand winter
iran demavand
iran demavand wether
iran guide climbing damavand
iran mount damavand
iran damavand
iran mt damavand ranking
iranian mountain damavand
iranian mountain climbing federation
iranian mountain federation
iranian mountaineering damavand
is damavand volcane active
is mount damavand active?
jacket with attached bag damavand
koh i damavand
kouh damavand
kouh ghaf damavand
lar damavand
lar lake damavand
latest news on damavand
latitude of mount damavand
light weight light glove handwear heat packs damavand
lightweight overcoat women travel damavand
listen ice bears song german damavand
location of mount damavand
make fleece head under chin damavand
marathon climbing damavand
marton asbot damavand
mazandaran weather forcast damavand
messner damavand
middle east's highest peak damavand
mont damavand
most informative web page about damavand
mount damavand
mount Damavand reyneh, shelter
mount damavand active
mount damavand ascent
mount damavand climbing
mount damavand detail
mount damavand elevation by nasa
mount damavand eruptions
mount damavand gps
mount damavand guide
mount damavand guide
mount damavand guided tour
mount damavand guides
mount damavand height
mount damavand how long to climb
mount damavand in april
mount damavand in tehran
mount damavand info
mount damavand mythology
mount damavand photo
mount damavand rivers
mount damavand season
mount damavand spring photo
mount damavand started volcanic activities
mount damavand summit
mount damavand tours
mount damavand w/view of tehran
mount damavand weather
mount damavand, mountaineering
mount damavand, summit
mount damavand, trekking
mount damavand.
mount damavand´s permit
mount ghaf damavand
mount guide damavand
mount suleiman in iran's elburz and damavand
mount suleiman iran elburz and damavand
mount suleiman iran's elburz mountain range and damavand
mountain climbing articals damavand
mountain damavand in iran is active
mountain federation damavand
mountain guide reyneh damavand
mountain weather forcast - tehran damavand
Mountain Damavand photo
mountaineering iran damavand
mountaineering nose cover damavand
mt damavand
mt damavand facts
mt damavand guides
mt damavand mythology
mt damavand volcanic activity
mt demavand
mt. damavand
mt. damavand facts
mt. damavand guides
mt. damavand(volcano)
mt damavand
mt. damavand volcano
Mummies damavand
nasa damavand height
news damavand volcano
permit damavand
photo damavand
photos from damavand
photos of damavand
picture of damavand koh
pictures of damavand
pile pants with full separating side zippers
polour damavand
polour village damavand
polour weather damavand
poppy damavand
poppy fields
poppy fields damavand
pouloor damavand
reaching damavand
reyneh damavand
reyneh tehran bus damavand
re guide damavand
rocks at mount damavand
route to damavand prize
saggest name of hotel damavand
satellite damavand road
satellite picture of damavand caspian
save the ice bears damavand
shadow of mount damavand
shadow of mount damavand
shaghayegh damavand
sherpa damavand
sherpa damavand
site:damavandmt.blogspot.com damavand
situation damavand
size of mount damavand
snow forecast damavand
sourth of damavand mountion
summer boot gaiters shorts damavand
summit of iran and middle east damavand
summit of mount damavand
sunny days in damavand
tahkt suleiman to damavand
teheran personal guide hiking and damavand
tehran and damavand
tehran bus to damavand
tent sherppa
tent 5610 damavand
tour damavand
tour of damavand
tours damavand
tours of damavand
tour guide reyneh damavand
tours 2008 damavand
trek damavand
trekking damavand
trekking mount damavand
twin of damavand
volcanic areas climed damavand
volcanic damavand
volcanic in damavand
volcanic damavand
volcano articals damavand
volcano damavand
volcano damavand
volcano damavand 2007
volcano statues damavand
w t thomson damavand
warning damavand
warning to climbers damavand
weather damavand
weather for mount damavand, ir
weather mount damavand, iran
web peaks climbing damavand
webpage about damavand
what is the damavand?
what is the elevation of mount damavand
what shoes damavand
Wheather damavand
when to climb damavand
where is mount damavand
where is mt. damavand
who first to climb mt damavand
who is the first person to climb mount damavand
wiki guide climbing damavand
www.damavandmt.blogsport.com
www.mtdamavand.blogsprot.com
www.damavandmt.blogspot.com
how to climb mount damavand
how to go to damavand
i intend to climb mount damavand
icy fall damavand
Info damavand
info to climb mount damavand
information to climb mount damavand
informative webpage about damavand
introduction to climb mt damavand
iran and middle east's highest peak damavand
iran ecosystem tour and damavand
iran mountaineering society damavand
Lake damavand
mount damavand -volcano damavand
mount damavand 5,671 m
mount damavand 5,671 m - 18,605 ft
mount damavand also known as volcano damavand
mount damavand ascents
mount damavand base camp / shelter
mount damavand climbing record
mount damavand facts
mount damavand future
mount damavand guide
mount damavand guide photo gallery
mount damavand mummies
mount damavand routes
mount damavand sickness
mount damavand super climbers
mount damavand tour for all
mount damavand water sources
mount suleiman iran elburz mountains
Mount damavand, north face
mt. damavand in 2007
mt. damavand facts
mummies of damavand
sherpa damavand
nasa damavand
Nature damavand
News damavand
offer mount damavand tours
other iranian mountain tour and damavand
Photo damavand
Pool damavand
price guide damavand
reyneh damavand
silent volcano located in alborz damavand
silent volcano located in alborz range damavand
solely damavand
specialists damavand
summit damavand
the most informative weblog about mount damavand
the south face of damavand is not a technical way
the specialists in guided mount damavand ascents
tour damavand
Tour damavand
tours of mount damavand
travel from tehran, polour is much shorter to damavand
useful information about mt. damavand
useful information damavand
visit damavand
volcan damavand
volcanic activity of volcano damavand
Volcanic damavand
volcano damavand
volcano damavand 5,671m
volcano located in alborz range damavand
Volcano damavand
warning to climbers
warning to damavand climbers
Warning damavand
weather in damavand
who can climb to summit of mount damavand
with 24 consecutive climbs to damavand

2008-06-03T05:28:00.000-07:00

Climbing Volcano Damavand
or Climbing Damavand Volcano
This is a brief and basic introduction to climb Volcano Damavand, Damavand Volcano,to see detailed information follow related links. Climbing Volcano Damavand ,5671 meters , Iran's highest and most prominent volcano, can make a lifelong memories .Volcano Damavand itself may look more attractive from afar than from close up, but the views on clear days and the experience of climbing Damavand with a group of equally minded hikers from around the world are very rewarding.

Volcano Damavand view from Polour village
Photo By Anosh Soltani

When to climb Volcano Damavand ?
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Best climbing season for Volcano Damavand
June, July and August are the best climbing season for Damavand. During these three months, the Damavand footpath is usually free of snow, the weather is relatively mild, access by public transportation is easy but the mountain shelters are crowded. Everybody without much hiking experience is strongly advised to tackle the mountain during this climbing season.

When not to climb Volcano Damavand!
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Off Season
Mountain shelters are open for use in all climbing seasons in Iran. While there is usually little snow on Volcano Damavand , even during summer temperatures at the summit drops to far below zero eg down to -25C at night.Only experienced hikers with a strong urge to avoid the crowd, should consider the Off Season ascent to damavand .From October to around mid May climbing to the Damavand summit is highly perilous due to extreme wind and weather conditions, snow, ice and other risks.

Iranian new year holydays and Weekends
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Iranian new year called Nowroz , 21 March to 2 April, is not recommended for Damavand climbing , during this time you can not find public transport , and the roads are in the worst possible trafic condition.

How to climb Volcano Damavand ? Is it difficult ?
See also How To Climb Damavand in detail.
The ascent to the Damavand summit does not require any major climbing skills. Only at some points, the terrain is steep and rocky. A few signs along the trail show the hikers the way. However, the main challenge of the climb is the fact that the air gets notably thinner as you gain altitude.

The Crowds
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Climbing Volcano Damavand is very popular not only among the Iranians, but also among foreign tourists, who seem to make up less than a fifth of all hikers. The peak season for climbing Volcano Damavand is during the school vacations which last from around 20 June to 23 Sep. The peak of the peak is reached about 6 August, It is recommended to avoid climbing in this period .In order to encounter neither too large nor too small crowds, we suggest you to climb Mt Damavand on a weekday in the first half of July before the start of the crowd. The downside of a climb in early July is the weather, which tends to be somewhat more unstable than later in the season.

Routes
see also How To Climb Damavand , Damavand GPS Landmarks ,
Virtual Trip To Volcano Damavand by Google Earth
Volcano Damavand has 16 routes , 4 of these routes ( south north east and west ) are popular, each with a shelter at about 4000m .The north face has an extra shelter at 5000m , the most popular side is the south face, most climber start their ascent to the Damavand summit from south route.

South Route
It is easily accessible from Tehran or north of Iran , the short way from Tehran to the Damavand through Haraz main road make southern approach best Trail . This is by far the easiest and the best side, the ascent to the summit is also shorter .

Volcano Damavand Camp1 - Polour Camp
Altitude 2,270 m - 7,447 ft
Distance from Tehran 1.5-2 hour by car ( about 80 Km )
Polour Camp is a new established Iran Climbing Federation Complex Camp near Haraz Road in Polour village, it is the best resting place for Iranian and foreign climbers who intend to climb Volcano Damavand from classic south route or west route of Damavand. Haraz Road is one of the main roads which connects Tehran to Caspian Sea in north of Iran in Mazandaran state , this main road passes by Volcano Damavand through beautiful Haraz Valley closed to Haraz River.

Volcano Damavand Camp2 - Base Camp
Altitude 3,040 m - 9,973 ft
Ascent to Bargah Sevom Camp: 3-5 hours
Descent from Bargah Sevom Camp: 2 -3 hours
Distance from Polour Complex Camp approx 1 hour by car
This is the most popular base for the climb to the Damavand summit, and the most easily accessible from Polour or Reyneh by car. The last part of the road to this camp is a rough gravel road , the Hraz Road , is a crowded road , which is used by private vehicles during the peak of the summer holidays (specially Iranian weekends Thursday and Friday).

Volcano Damavand Camp3 - Bargah Sevom Camp
Altitude 4,220 m - 13,845 ft
Ascent to Damavand summit : 5-7 hours
Descent from Damavand summit : 2- 4 hours
The south Trail leads from the Bargah Sevom Camp to the summit. Lots of footpath shows this trail to the top , and there are separate trails for the ascent and descent.The South Trail meets the East Trail near the summit. Spend one night sleeping in Bargah Sevom and then continue to the summit early on the second day.
A wrong way is to start climbing the mountain during the night from the 3rd camp and hike through the night to reach the summit around sunrise. Obviously, this is a more tiring way of climbing the mountain and brings an increased risk of falling victim to altitude sickness .

Climbing Equipment
see also Volcano Damavand Equipment List
In order to enjoy a safe hike to the summit of Volcano Damavand, it is crucial to bring the proper equipment. Some of the most important things to bring are listed below:

Proper Shoes
The rocky, steep terrain in some sections and the potential of sudden, strong wind gusts are reasons to bring proper hiking shoes .

Proper Clothes
Bring proper protection against low temperatures and strong winds. It is usually below zero at the summit, and strong winds often make it seem even colder. Bring rain gear, as weather conditions can change very quickly in the mountains. Gloves are recommended both against the coldness and for hiking the steep, rocky passages.

Flashlight
Alothough I do not suggest you hike during nighttime, a flash light is highly recommended in any season and essential outside of the peak season . Most people choose head lamps, as they leave both of your hands free.

Food
Particularly on the trails where there are few mountain huts, it is important to bring enough water and food. Also, it is a good idea to carry down all your garbage although there are garbage bins on Mount Damavand.

Altitude Sickness
see also Mountain Sickness
The human body requires some time to adjust to a sudden increase of altitude, otherwise there is a risk of headache, dizziness and nausea. Quite a few people, who climb Mount Damavand, fall victim to altitude sickness. To avoid altitude sickness, you are advised to tackle the mountain at a slow pace and make frequent breaks. An overnight stay at Bargah Sevom Camp is recommended as opposed to a straight climb to the top. There are no bottles of oxygen, available at mountain hut, you may bring your own as an effective tool in preventing and fighting altitude sickness.

Good Luck
Solard[at]gmail.com

welcome to volcan damavand guide , the most informative web page about damavand
You are here: volcano damavand guide > climbing volcano damavand
VDG 870314-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand Guide. All rights reserved.

2008-05-29T07:02:00.000-07:00

Volcano Damavand view from Polour village
Photo By Anosh Soltani

When to climb Volcano Damavand ?
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Best climbing season for Volcano Damavand
June, July and August are the best climbing season for Damavand. During these three months, the Damavand footpath is usually free of snow, the weather is relatively mild, access by public transportation is easy but the mountain shelters are crowded. Everybody without much hiking experience is strongly advised to tackle the mountain during this climbing season.

When not to climb Volcano Damavand!
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Off Season
Mountain shelters are open for use in all climbing seasons in Iran. While there is usually little snow on Volcano Damavand , even during summer temperatures at the summit drops to far below zero eg down to -25C at night.Only experienced hikers with a strong urge to avoid the crowd, should consider the Off Season ascent to damavand .From October to around mid May climbing to the Damavand summit is highly perilous due to extreme wind and weather conditions, snow, ice and other risks.

Iranian new year holydays and Weekends
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Iranian new year called Nowroz , 21 March to 2 April, is not recommended for Damavand climbing , during this time you can not find public transport , and the roads are in the worst possible trafic condition.

How to climb Volcano Damavand ? Is it difficult ?
See also How To Climb Damavand in detail.
The ascent to the Damavand summit does not require any major climbing skills. Only at some points, the terrain is steep and rocky. A few signs along the trail show the hikers the way. However, the main challenge of the climb is the fact that the air gets notably thinner as you gain altitude.

The Crowds
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Climbing Volcano Damavand is very popular not only among the Iranians, but also among foreign tourists, who seem to make up less than a fifth of all hikers. The peak season for climbing Volcano Damavand is during the school vacations which last from around 20 June to 23 Sep. The peak of the peak is reached about 6 August, It is recommended to avoid climbing in this period .In order to encounter neither too large nor too small crowds, we suggest you to climb Mt Damavand on a weekday in the first half of July before the start of the crowd. The downside of a climb in early July is the weather, which tends to be somewhat more unstable than later in the season.

Routes
see also How To Climb Damavand , Damavand GPS Landmarks ,
Virtual Trip To Volcano Damavand by Google Earth
Volcano Damavand has 16 routes , 4 of these routes ( south north east and west ) are popular, each with a shelter at about 4000m .The north face has an extra shelter at 5000m , the most popular side is the south face, most climber start their ascent to the Damavand summit from south route.

South Route
It is easily accessible from Tehran or north of Iran , the short way from Tehran to the Damavand through Haraz main road make southern approach best Trail . This is by far the easiest and the best side, the ascent to the summit is also shorter .

Volcano Damavand Camp1 - Polour Camp
Altitude 2,270 m - 7,447 ft
Distance from Tehran 1.5-2 hour by car ( about 80 Km )
Polour Camp is a new established Iran Climbing Federation Complex Camp near Haraz Road in Polour village, it is the best resting place for Iranian and foreign climbers who intend to climb Volcano Damavand from classic south route or west route of Damavand. Haraz Road is one of the main roads which connects Tehran to Caspian Sea in north of Iran in Mazandaran state , this main road passes by Volcano Damavand through beautiful Haraz Valley closed to Haraz River.

Volcano Damavand Camp2 - Base Camp
Altitude 3,040 m - 9,973 ft
Ascent to Bargah Sevom Camp: 3-5 hours
Descent from Bargah Sevom Camp: 2 -3 hours
Distance from Polour Complex Camp approx 1 hour by car
This is the most popular base for the climb to the Damavand summit, and the most easily accessible from Polour or Reyneh by car. The last part of the road to this camp is a rough gravel road , the Hraz Road , is a crowded road , which is used by private vehicles during the peak of the summer holidays (specially Iranian weekends Thursday and Friday).

Volcano Damavand Camp3 - Bargah Sevom Camp
Altitude 4,220 m - 13,845 ft
Ascent to Damavand summit : 5-7 hours
Descent from Damavand summit : 2- 4 hours
The south Trail leads from the Bargah Sevom Camp to the summit. Lots of footpath shows this trail to the top , and there are separate trails for the ascent and descent.The South Trail meets the East Trail near the summit. Spend one night sleeping in Bargah Sevom and then continue to the summit early on the second day.
A wrong way is to start climbing the mountain during the night from the 3rd camp and hike through the night to reach the summit around sunrise. Obviously, this is a more tiring way of climbing the mountain and brings an increased risk of falling victim to altitude sickness .

Climbing Equipment
see also Volcano Damavand Equipment List
In order to enjoy a safe hike to the summit of Volcano Damavand, it is crucial to bring the proper equipment. Some of the most important things to bring are listed below:

Proper Shoes
The rocky, steep terrain in some sections and the potential of sudden, strong wind gusts are reasons to bring proper hiking shoes .

Proper Clothes
Bring proper protection against low temperatures and strong winds. It is usually below zero at the summit, and strong winds often make it seem even colder. Bring rain gear, as weather conditions can change very quickly in the mountains. Gloves are recommended both against the coldness and for hiking the steep, rocky passages.

Flashlight
Alothough I do not suggest you hike during nighttime, a flash light is highly recommended in any season and essential outside of the peak season . Most people choose head lamps, as they leave both of your hands free.

Food
Particularly on the trails where there are few mountain huts, it is important to bring enough water and food. Also, it is a good idea to carry down all your garbage although there are garbage bins on Mount Damavand.

Altitude Sickness
see also Mountain Sickness
The human body requires some time to adjust to a sudden increase of altitude, otherwise there is a risk of headache, dizziness and nausea. Quite a few people, who climb Mount Damavand, fall victim to altitude sickness. To avoid altitude sickness, you are advised to tackle the mountain at a slow pace and make frequent breaks. An overnight stay at Bargah Sevom Camp is recommended as opposed to a straight climb to the top. There are no bottles of oxygen, available at mountain hut, you may bring your own as an effective tool in preventing and fighting altitude sickness.

Good Luck
Solard[at]gmail.com

welcome to volcan damavand guide , the most informative web page about damavand
You are here: volcano damavand guide > climbing volcano damavand VDG 870309-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand Guide. All rights reserved.

Find useful information for hiking & trekking, climbing, equipment list, GPS landmark, route maps, camps, climb timing, high skilled experienced guide, guided tour, itinerary, services, transport and more topics about Mount Damavand in our comprehensive tutorial web pages.
Find more information:
climb mount damavand, climbing equipment for damavand, damavand iran, damavand volcano, damavand acclimatization, damavand ascent, damavand camp, damavand base camp, damavand climate, damavand elevation, damavand equipment, damavand expedition, damavand gps, damavand guide, damavand guided climb, damavand hiking, damavand hiking & trekking, damavand hot spring, damavand icefall, damavand info, damavand information, damavand itinerary, damavand lake, damavand pool, damavand tulipe, damavand mineral water, damavand picture, damavand photo, damavand mountain guide, damavand weather, damavand mountaineering, damavand mummy, damavand mythology, damavand nature, damavand route, damavand price, damavand sherpa, damavand ski, damavand south, damavand summit, damavand summit iran, damavand temperature, damavand tour, damavand permit, damavand volcanic activity, damavand volcano, damavand photo gallery, damavand poppy field, economy damavand tour, damavand video, damavand warning, facts mount damavand, frozen lake iran, gosfand sara, gps damavand, gps landmark, guide damavand, guide mount damavand, haraz road, height damavand, hike damavand, gps waypoint damavand, hiking & trekking damavand, how cold is damavand, how to climb damavand, how to reach damavand, icefall damavand, info damavand, iran climbing, iran cultural tour, iran guide climbing, iranian mountain climbing, iranian mountain federation, location of mount damavand, mount damavand ascent, mount damavand guide, mount damavand guided tour, mount damavand info, mount damavand photo, mount damavand summit, mount damavand tours, mount damavand weather, mount damavand permit, mt damavand, photo damavand, polour village, polor, reyneh, shadow of mount damavand, sherpa damavand, teheran personal guide hiking, tour damavand, trekking damavand, volcano damavand, warning damavand, wheather damavand, when to climb damavand, nasa damavand.

2008-05-25T09:15:00.000-07:00

How to Climb Volcano Damavand

Volcano Damavand South View
Photo by Anosh Soltani

ABC of Volcano Damavand Climbing
Or Volcano Damavand ABC

If you intend to ascend Volcano Damavand for the first time , you better to start with its simple abc which leads you to more detailed info in other pages.

A
About Volcano Damavand
You should know some information about Volcano Damavand , its routes , camps . You need a good season timing and weather condition. A good guide or coach is very helpful and increases you chance of success.

B
Proper Gear & Equipment
Ordinary and basic equipment is enough for a summer climb to Damavand. Plus some food and drink .

C
Timing and Climbing
You should know abc of mountain climbing , how to climb damavand , acclimatization , when to start , when to rest . The ascent to the damavand is not technical and does not require major climbing skills but you need a good physical fitness , the main challenge of the climb is acclimatization and the fact that the air gets thinner as you gain altitude.

Climb Volcano Damavand in 3 Steps!
Climb Mount Damavand in 3 Steps , 2 Days !

Summery :
Step 1 - From Tehran go to Camp 1 - Polour Camp ,by car , early morning , 1-2 hours , first day
Step 2 - From Camp 1 by car go to Camp 2 - Base Camp , and then walk to Camp 3 - Bargah Sevom 3-4 hours ,first day , sleep the night there .
Step 3 - From Camp 3 - Bargah Sevom climb to the damavand sumit ,early morning ,5-7 hours ,then descend back to camp3 and so on to Tehran !

Details:
Step 1
From Tehran go to Camp 1 - Polour Camp ,by car , early morning , 1-2 hours , first day

Volcano Damavand Camp1 - Polour Camp

Latitude	35-50-50 N
Longitude	52-03-36 E
Altitude	2,270 m - 7,447 ft
Distance from Tehran	1-2 hours by car ( 80 Km )
Distance to Camp 2 - Base Camp	1 hour by car

Step 2
From Camp 1 by car go to Camp 2 - Base Camp , and then walk to Camp 3 - Bargah Sevom 3-4 hours ,first day , sleep the night there .

Volcano Damavand Camp2 - Base Camp

Latitude	35-54-10 N
Longitude	52-06-34 E
Altitude	3,040 m - 9,973 ft
Distance from Camp1 - Polour Camp	1 hour by car
Ascent to Camp3 - Bargah Sevom	3-5 hours
Descent from Camp3 - Bargah Sevom	2 -3 hours

Volcano Damavand Camp3 - Bargah Sevom Camp

Latitude	35-55-54 N
Longitude	52-06-30 E
Altitude	4,220 m - 13,845 ft
Distance from Camp2 - Base Camp	3-5 hours
Ascent to damavand summit	5-7 hours
Descent from damavand summit	2- 4 hours

Step 3
From Camp 3 - Bargah Sevom climb to the damavand sumit ,early morning ,5-7 hours ,then descend back to camp3 and so on to Tehran !
There is no camp here, but if you wish to challenge 7000 m or higher peaks you may make you own camp for acclamatisation.

CampS - Volcano Damavand Summit !

Latitude	35-57-19 N
Longitude	52-06-36 E
Altitude	5,671 m - 18,605 ft.
Ascent from Camp3 - Bargah Sevom	5-7 hours
Descent to Camp3 - Bargah Sevom	2- 4 hours

For more details visit How To Climb Volcano Damavand

How To Climb Volcano Damavand

Two Days Climb to Volcano damavand
I try to teach new climbers a 2 days climb to Mt. Damavand from south face during summer in detail .

Maps and Signs of Volcano Damavand

visit also :

GPS Landmarks
Virtual Trip By Google Earth
Equipment List
Volcanic Activity

How to go to Volcano Damavand area

Summary:

Day1 - Tehran to Camp3. Day2 - Camp3 to the summit and back to Tehran !

Detail:

Day 1
How to reach Mt. Damavand ?
You can travel by car or bus to one of these places :

Camp1 - Reineh

Tehran > Haraz Road > Reineh > Reineh Camp .( approx 2.5 Hours )
If you come from north of Iran, ie Mazandaran State, you may use this way

Camp1- Polour Camp 2,270 m - 7,447 ft
Tehran > Haraz Road > Polour > Polour Camp . ( approx 1.5 Hours )
If you travel from Tehran, Polour is much shorter and better way for you.
These Camps belong to Iranian Mountain Climbing Federation which you can use them or you may ask for a car to take you to:

Camp2 - Base Camp 3,040 m - 9,973 ft

Farsi Name Goosfand Sara Camp .

Strong cars like 4WD Jeeps carry you to the 2nd Camp / shelter called Goosfand sara which in fact is the Base Camp , ( approx 1 hour ).
If you live in a city with low elevation, like the sea level , you better to have extra rest here or, perhaps stay one night at this place for acclimatization. ( read note 1)

Camp3 - Shelter 4,220 m - 13,845 ft

Farsi name Bargah Sevom Camp

By 3 to 4 hours walk you reach the Bargahe Sevom Camp , do not carry heavy equipments yourself , use mule and porters instead . Use the foot paths , it is easy to find them , go slow and steady , if you start in the morning you have enough time , use the day light only , never start in the darkness . Stay one night here .

( read note 1 & 2)

Volcano Damavand South Route from shelter 4220m to the Top 5671m
Photo by Sherpa

Day 2
How to go to the top of mt. damavand 5,671 m - 18,605 ft
The south face is not a technical way , by 5 to 7 hours slow and steady walk you can reach the summit , do not carry heavy equipments with yourself , you can leave them in Bargahe Sevom Camp, only take necessary things with you , depending to the weather the best starting time is about 5 o`clock in the morning . (read important note 3) . Before starting check up all your necessary things ,have a good breakfast , see the weather forecast carefully if possible , do not rest more than 5 minutes per rest during your climb, for food & drink you need at least 1.5 letters of watter , and a little foods, some sweets or chocolate thats all !! from here upwards there is no water , food or shelter . Use the foot paths , during summer a lot of climbers go this way perhaps you could be able to find a group which suits your programe , if you are not sure use a guide. Do not climb at night.
Return Back
After reaching the top do not spend a lot of time there , take few pictures and return back quickly to Bargahe Sevom Camp ( about 2.5 hours) , you can have rest now for half an hour , when you feel ok try to go back to Goosfand Sara and even to Tehran . If you have enough time after your climb , it is a good idea to go to Abe Garm e Larigan 5 km from Reyneh, which you may use the benefit of mineral hot water springs of Damavand and spend a night there.

Note 1
During summer you can find water and some food here , but I suggest you use your own . You can find mule and porter too.
Note 2
During summer you may find tent and sleeping bag for rent here.
Note3 , Important !
There is a wrong believe that suggest you start climbing from Bargahe Sevom to the summit of mount damavand at night because of less sulfuric gas , but I advise you never start at night even if you see some climbers do so , most of these people do not succeed their climb and never see the summit !! during the night you can not find suitable footpaths ,you may make many mistakes, you will lose more energy because of colder weather,and most important thing you may be awake but you body is not and the biological clock of your body says it is sleeping time !!
Do not be afraid of sulforic gas, have a little vinegar with you, it helps you alot !

Good Luck
See you soon on the top !

Volcano Damavand
Solard[at]gmail.com

welcome to volcan damavand guide , the most informative web page about volcano damavand
You are here: volcan damavand guide > How to Climb Volcano Damavand VDG 870305-1
Copyright © volcan damavand guide . All rights reserved.

2008-05-24T08:28:00.000-07:00

Climbing Volcano Damavand

This is a brief and basic introduction to climb Volcano damavand, to see detailed information follow related links. Climbing Volcano damavand ,5671 meters , Iran's highest and most prominent volcano, can make a lifelong memories .Volcano Damavand itself may look more attractive from afar than from close up, but the views on clear days and the experience of climbing damavand with a group of equally minded hikers from around the world are very rewarding.

Volcano Damavand view from Polour village
Photo By Anosh Soltani

When to climb Volcano Damavand ?
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Best climbing season for Volcano Damavand
June, July and August are the best climbing season for damavand. During these three months, the damavand footpath is usually free of snow, the weather is relatively mild, access by public transportation is easy but the mountain shelters are crowded. Everybody without much hiking experience is strongly advised to tackle the mountain during this climbing season.

When not to climb Volcano Damavand!
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Off Season
Mountain shelters are open for use in all climbing seasons in Iran. While there is usually little snow on Volcano Damavand , even during summer temperatures at the summit drops to far below zero eg down to -25C at night.Only experienced hikers with a strong urge to avoid the crowd, should consider the Off Season ascent to damavand .From October to around mid May climbing to the Damavand summit is highly perilous due to extreme wind and weather conditions, snow, ice and other risks.

Iranian new year holydays and Weekends
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Iranian new year called Nowroz , 21 March to 2 April, is not recommended for damavand climbing , during this time you can not find public transport , and the roads are in the worst possible trafic condition.

How to climb Volcano Damavand ? Is it difficult ?
See also How To Climb Damavand in detail.
The ascent to the damavand summit does not require any major climbing skills. Only at some points, the terrain is steep and rocky. A few signs along the trail show the hikers the way. However, the main challenge of the climb is the fact that the air gets notably thinner as you gain altitude.

The Crowds
See also Timing for Volcano Damavand Climb
Climbing volcano damavand is very popular not only among the Iranians, but also among foreign tourists, who seem to make up less than a fifth of all hikers. The peak season for climbing volcano damavand is during the school vacations which last from around 20 June to 23 Sep. The peak of the peak is reached about 6 August, It is recommended to avoid climbing in this period .In order to encounter neither too large nor too small crowds, we suggest you to climb mt damavand on a weekday in the first half of July before the start of the crowd. The downside of a climb in early July is the weather, which tends to be somewhat more unstable than later in the season.

Routes
see also How To Climb Damavand , Damavand GPS Landmarks ,
Virtual Trip To Volcano Damavand by Google Earth
Volcano damavand has 16 routes , 4 of these routes ( south north east and west ) are popular, each with a shelter at about 4000m .The north face has an extra shelter at 5000m , the most popular side is the south face, most climber start their ascent to the damavand summit from south route.

South Route
It is easily accessible from Tehran or north of Iran , the short way from Tehran to the Damavand through Haraz main road make southern approach best Trail . This is by far the easiest and the best side, the ascent to the summit is also shorter .

Volcano Damavand Camp1 - Polour Camp
Altitude 2,270 m - 7,447 ft
Distance from Tehran 1.5-2 hour by car ( about 80 Km )
Polour Camp is a new established Iran Climbing Federation Complex Camp near Haraz Road in Polour village, it is the best resting place for Iranian and foreign climbers who intend to climb Volcano Damavand from classic south route or west route of damavand. Haraz Road is one of the main roads which connects Tehran to Caspian Sea in north of Iran in Mazandaran state , this main road passes by volcano damavand through beautiful Haraz Valley closed to Haraz River.

Volcano Damavand Camp2 - Base Camp
Altitude 3,040 m - 9,973 ft
Ascent to Bargah Sevom Camp: 3-5 hours
Descent from Bargah Sevom Camp: 2 -3 hours
Distance from Polour Complex Camp approx 1 hour by car
This is the most popular base for the climb to the Damavand summit, and the most easily accessible from Polour or Reyneh by car. The last part of the road to this camp is a rough gravel road , the Hraz Road , is a crowded road , which is used by private vehicles during the peak of the summer holidays (specially Iranian weekends Thursday and Friday).

Volcano Damavand Camp3 - Bargah Sevom Camp
Altitude 4,220 m - 13,845 ft
Ascent to damavand summit : 5-7 hours
Descent from Damavand summit : 2- 4 hours
The south Trail leads from the Bargah Sevom Camp to the summit. Lots of footpath shows this trail to the top , and there are separate trails for the ascent and descent.The South Trail meets the East Trail near the summit. Spend one night sleeping in Bargah Sevom and then continue to the summit early on the second day.
A wrong way is to start climbing the mountain during the night from the 3rd camp and hike through the night to reach the summit around sunrise. Obviously, this is a more tiring way of climbing the mountain and brings an increased risk of falling victim to altitude sickness .

Climbing Equipment
see also Volcano Damavand Equipment List
In order to enjoy a safe hike to the summit of Volcano Damavand, it is crucial to bring the proper equipment. Some of the most important things to bring are listed below:

Proper Shoes
The rocky, steep terrain in some sections and the potential of sudden, strong wind gusts are reasons to bring proper hiking shoes .

Proper Clothes
Bring proper protection against low temperatures and strong winds. It is usually below zero at the summit, and strong winds often make it seem even colder. Bring rain gear, as weather conditions can change very quickly in the mountains. Gloves are recommended both against the coldness and for hiking the steep, rocky passages.

Flashlight
Alothough I do not suggest you hike during nighttime, a flash light is highly recommended in any season and essential outside of the peak season . Most people choose head lamps, as they leave both of your hands free.

Food
Particularly on the trails where there are few mountain huts, it is important to bring enough water and food. Also, it is a good idea to carry down all your garbage although there are garbage bins on mount damavand.

Altitude Sickness
see also Mountain Sickness
The human body requires some time to adjust to a sudden increase of altitude, otherwise there is a risk of headache, dizziness and nausea. Quite a few people, who climb mount damavand, fall victim to altitude sickness. To avoid altitude sickness, you are advised to tackle the mountain at a slow pace and make frequent breaks. An overnight stay at Bargah Sevom Camp is recommended as opposed to a straight climb to the top. There are no bottles of oxygen, available at mountain hut, you may bring your own as an effective tool in preventing and fighting altitude sickness.

Good Luck
Solard[at]gmail.com

welcome to volcan damavand guide , the most informative web page about damavand
You are here: volcano damavand guide > climbing volcano damavand VDG 870304-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand Guide. All rights reserved.

2008-03-16T07:57:00.000-07:00

Volcanic Activity of Volcano Damavand

Volcanic Activity of Volcano Damavand
visit also this video clip:
Volcanic Activity of Damavand 19 June 2007

The volcanic activity of Volcano Damavand is unusual and much higher than usual this year (2007), the photos shows the most active part very closed to the top in the south route. When reaching that area keep away from these smokes and continue your way up against the wind . In case of feeling too much gas a handkerchief spread with vinegar is enough to pass the area. You do not necessarily need oxygen mask , it is optional.

To pass the volcanic area of damavand you can make a vinegar mask !!

Damavand Volcanic Activity

I noticed a new change in 19 June 2007 for the first time. A small amount of red material is coming out of main and most active part of volcanic area plus a great amount of sulphur gas and steam. I am not sure what kind of material is this red one ?! but I can say it is not lava or fire !! perhaps it is hot sulphur . I think these changes worth some kind of research. It is not so safe to get closer to get a better picture by ordinary cameras , but still you can see these red substance in photos.

Volcanic Activity of Volcano Damavand

You may also be interested in these topics about damavand:
FAQ about damavand
damavand camp 1- PolourCamp
damavand camp 2 - Base Camp
damavand camp 3 - Bargah Sevom
how to climb mount damavand
mt damavand info
mt damavand photo gallery
elevation of mt damavand
Equipment List for damavand
Tours of Mount Damavand
damavand GPS Landmarks
mummies of mount damavand
video clips of mount damavand
volcanic activity of volcano damavand
volcanic statues of volcano damavand
virtual trip to mt damavand by google earth

welcome to volcano damavand , the most informative web page about damavand
You are here: volcano damavand > damavand volcanic activity VDG 861226-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand . All rights reserved.

2008-02-12T08:42:00.001-08:00

All useful information and links you need
to climb Volcano Damavand 5671 m - 18605 ft .

Volcano Damavand

Volcano Damavand
Volcano Damavand also known as Mount Damavand ,is a silent volcano located in Alborz Range .On most days of the year in clear condition the summit can be seen not only from Tehran but also far from 150 kilometers away . It looks like Fujiyama in Japan but much greater . I believe that its snowy white top with its regular clouds is the most beautiful sight of Iran . There has been no eruption of Damavand in historical times and records so it is regarded as extinct silent volcano. There are some hot springs on its lower slopes like Larijan village . At the summit there is a crater about 150-200 meters across , with a lot of yellow sulfurous rocks and pumice stones. At about 5000 meters there are also some sulfuric gas making a little problem for climbers . Snow covers the crater and upper slopes in winter, spring and autumn . Because of its great height , the view from top of Damavand is very extensive , a big panorama of mountains and valley covering many hundred of square Kilometers . All around are other peaks of the Alborz range, in the north to the Caspian Sea plain and in the south descending to the deserts of central of iran . In fact it is the not only the highest peak in Iran , but also the highest in Middle East and the highest if you travel from Europe eastward to Iran .

Some useful Information about Volcano Damavand
Farsi Name: Koh Damavand alternate Donbalvand , Dood koh , Koh Damawand
English Name: Mount Damavand or Volcano Damavand
Alternate Spell: Mount Damawand , Volcano Damawand , Demavand ,Demavend....
Location: central Alborz range Iran 80 Km North- East of Tehran
Altitude: 5,671 m - 18,605 ft see also: Elevation of Damavand
Latitude: 35° 57' 19" N
Longitude: 52° 06' 36" E
Best Climbing Time: 10 June To 20 August
Best Climbing Side: South face
Best Climbing Program: 2 days climb
Best Start point: Polour ,a small village at the south side of the mount Damavand
First Climbs : We believe there has been may unrecorded climbs in ancient years
First Recorded Climbed: 1837 by W.T Thomson
Status: not active also see: Volcanic Activity of Damavand
Most Recent Eruption: None on record
Nearest International Airport: MehrAbad or Imam Airport Teheran.

You may also be interested in these topics about damavand:
FAQ about damavand
damavand camp 1- PolourCamp
damavand camp 2 - Base Camp
damavand camp 3 - Bargah Sevom
how to climb mount damavand
mt damavand info
mt damavand photo gallery
elevation of mt damavand
Equipment List for damavand
Tours of Mount Damavand
damavand GPS Landmarks
mummies of mount damavand
video clips of mount damavand
volcanic activity of volcano damavand
volcanic statues of volcano damavand
virtual trip to mt damavand by google earth

If you have any suggestions about our webpage , please don't hesitate to drop us a note. If you have any question about climbing Mount Damavand , before asking , please try to find your answer in FAQ about Damavand , if you could not find a suitable answer , then feel free to ask .To help us distinguish between your email and spams ,please quote Damavand in your email subject .

welcome to volcano damavand , the most informative web page about damavand
You are here: volcano damavand > volcano damavand info
Copyright © Volcano Damavand. All rights reserved.
Solard[at]gmail.com

2008-02-12T08:38:00.001-08:00

Volcano Damavand Photo Gallery

Volcano Damavand Hot Springs
Abe Garm Damavand
Abe Garm Larijan
Volcano Damavand has several hot springs of mineral water with therapeutic qualities, the hot springs are mainly located on the volcano's flanks and at the base , giving evidence of volcanic heat comparatively near the surface of the earth . Although Volcano Damavand is believed to be extinct and while no historic eruptions of the Volcano Damavand are recorded , hot springs on the flanks of the volcano and fumaroles (steam vents) in the summit crater suggest that a hot or cooling magma body is still present beneath the Volcano Damavand. This continuing activity, while minor, sulphorous fumaroles still emit gases at the peak, and hot springs in the valleys testify to a remaining heat source , indicates that Mount Damavand is a dormant rather than an extinct volcano. The most important of these hot springs are located in Abe garm Larijan .
If you have enough time after your climb to Volcano Damavand , it is a good idea to go to Abe Garm Larijan 5 km from Reyneh, which you may use the benefit of mineral hot water springs of Damavand and spend a night there. Taking a bath in the basin or pool of hot minaral water of Larijan which let you forget about all the exhaustion of Mount Damavand climb very fast , and of course , dont forget the persian chelo kabab afterward !

vocabulary !
abe = Water
garm = Warm , Hot
Larijan or Larigan= a smal city located in the south east of Damavand
Reyneh = a smal city located in the south of Damavand
abe garm Larijan = hot spring of Larijan
chelo kabab = a delicious Iranian food you must test it yourself

Solard[at]gmail.com
Volcano Damavand > Volcano Damavand Hot Springs
VDG870420-1
Copyright © Volcano Damavand . All rights reserved.